Trading comps and transaction comps valuation analysis. Builds comparable company tables and precedent transaction tables with key multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, P/E, etc.). Triggers on "comps", "comparable companies", "trading multiples", "precedent transactions", "valuation comps", "可比估值", "交易可比", "估值倍数".
Scanned 9/8/2026
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npx -y skills add infometa/workbuddyskills --skill comps-valuation --agent claude-codeInstalls into .claude/skills of the current project.
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---
name: comps-valuation
description: |
Trading comps and transaction comps valuation analysis. Builds comparable company tables and precedent transaction tables with key multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, P/E, etc.).
Triggers on "comps", "comparable companies", "trading multiples", "precedent transactions", "valuation comps", "可比估值", "交易可比", "估值倍数".
---
# Comps Valuation(可比估值分析)
## 功能说明
构建上市可比公司(Trading Comps)和交易先例(Transaction Comps / Precedent Transactions)估值分析表,输出标准投行格式的 Comps Table。
## 工作流
### Step 1: 明确估值参数
- 标的公司:名称、行业、规模、商业模式
- 估值模式选择:
- **Trading Comps**:上市可比公司交易倍数
- **Transaction Comps**:历史并购交易先例
- **Hybrid**:两者结合
- 关键财务指标:Revenue / EBITDA / EBIT / Net Income / FCF
- 时间维度:LTM(过去12个月)/ NTM(未来12个月)/ CY(日历年)
### Step 2: 筛选可比标的
**Trading Comps 筛选标准:**
- 行业分类(GICS / SIC / 自定义)
- 规模区间(Revenue / Market Cap)
- 增长特征(Revenue Growth / EBITDA Margin)
- 地域市场
- 商业模式相似度
**Transaction Comps 筛选标准:**
- 交易类型(M&A / LBO / Minority)
- 交易规模(Enterprise Value 区间)
- 行业一致性
- 时间窗口(通常 3-5 年内)
- 交易背景相似度
### Step 3: 数据收集与标准化
- 统一会计口径(GAAP vs IFRS 调整)
- 计算 Adjusted EBITDA(加回一次性费用、股权激励等)
- 计算 Enterprise Value = Market Cap + Net Debt + Minority Interest + Preferred - Associates
- 计算 Equity Value(稀释后)
- Calendarize 非标准财年
### Step 4: 倍数计算
**常用倍数:**
| 类别 | 倍数 | 适用场景 |
|------|------|---------|
| Enterprise | EV/Revenue | 高增长/无盈利公司 |
| Enterprise | EV/EBITDA | 成熟盈利公司(最常用) |
| Enterprise | EV/EBIT | 资本密集型行业 |
| Equity | P/E | 盈利稳定公司 |
| Equity | P/B | 金融/重资产行业 |
| Growth-adjusted | EV/EBITDA/Growth (PEG-like) | 增长差异大的同行 |
| Sector-specific | EV/GMV, EV/Subscriber, EV/Bed | 特定行业 |
### Step 5: 统计分析与估值区间
- 计算 Mean / Median / 25th / 75th percentile
- 识别 Outliers 并标注原因
- 应用选定倍数到标的财务数据
- 输出 Implied Valuation Range(Enterprise Value / Equity Value / Per Share)
### Step 6: 输出 Comps Table
标准格式包含:
- Company Name / Ticker
- Market Cap / Enterprise Value
- Revenue / EBITDA / EBIT / Net Income(LTM & NTM)
- Growth Rates(Revenue / EBITDA)
- Margins(Gross / EBITDA / Net)
- Multiples(EV/Revenue, EV/EBITDA, P/E 等)
- Implied Valuation Summary
## 输出规范
- **主交付物**:结构化 Comps Table(Markdown 表格或建议用户导出 Excel)
- **附带**:估值区间汇总(Football Field 格式描述)
- **标注**:数据来源、时间点、调整假设
## 注意事项
- 所有财务数据须标注来源和时间截面
- Adjusted EBITDA 的加回项须逐一列明
- 交易先例须注明控制权溢价(Control Premium)是否包含
- 不同行业使用不同核心倍数,不一刀切
- 明确区分 LTM vs NTM vs Consensus Estimates
- 当数据不足时明确告知用户,不编造数据
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