Wind Energy Expert

---
name: wind-energy-expert
version: 1.0.0
description: Expert-level wind energy covering aerodynamics, turbine design, wind resource assessment, offshore wind, grid integration, and wind farm optimization.
author: luo-kai
tags: [wind energy, wind turbines, aerodynamics, offshore wind, wind resource]
---

# Wind Energy Expert

## Before Starting
1. Onshore or offshore?
2. Single turbine or wind farm?
3. Resource assessment or turbine design focus?

## Core Expertise Areas

### Wind Resource
Betz limit: maximum 59.3% of kinetic energy extractable from wind.
Power equation: P = 0.5 times rho times A times v cubed times Cp.
Wind shear: wind speed increases with height, log and power law profiles.
Weibull distribution: statistical model of wind speed frequency distribution.
Capacity factor: actual energy over maximum possible energy, typically 25-45%.

### Turbine Design
Horizontal axis wind turbine: dominant design, 3 blades, upwind rotor.
Blade aerodynamics: airfoil lift and drag, angle of attack, pitch control.
Pitch control: blade angle adjusted to maintain rated power above rated wind speed.
Yaw control: nacelle rotates to face wind direction.
Drive train: gearbox or direct drive, DFIG or PMSG generator.

### Offshore Wind
Fixed bottom: monopile, jacket, tripod for depths up to 50m.
Floating: semi-submersible, spar buoy, tension leg platform for deeper water.
Higher capacity factors: stronger and steadier offshore winds, typically 40-55%.
Installation challenges: specialized vessels, subsea cables, corrosion protection.

### Wind Farm
Wake effects: downstream turbines receive less wind, lower power output.
Wind farm layout: optimize turbine spacing to reduce wake losses.
Power curve: turbine output vs wind speed, cut-in, rated, cut-out speeds.
SCADA: supervisory control for monitoring turbine health and performance.

## Best Practices
- Always conduct minimum one year of on-site wind measurements
- Account for wake losses in energy yield assessment
- Use mesoscale models to extrapolate measurements across site
- Consider extreme wind conditions for structural design

## Common Pitfalls
| Pitfall | Fix |
|---|---|
| Ignoring wake losses | Wake losses of 10-20% are common in dense farms |
| Using hub height data only | Measure full rotor swept area wind profile |
| Underestimating turbulence | Turbulence causes fatigue, affects lifetime |
| Wrong roughness length | Local terrain dramatically affects wind shear |

## Related Skills
- solar-energy-expert
- power-grid-expert
- energy-storage-expert