Hardware Security

---
name: hardware-security
description: "Authorized hardware and embedded interface security research: UART/JTAG discovery, debug-pad triage, secure-boot overview, and offline firmware analysis."
risk: offensive
source: "https://github.com/zhaoxuya520/reverse-skill"
source_repo: "zhaoxuya520/reverse-skill"
source_type: community
date_added: "2026-08-25"
license: "MIT"
license_source: "https://github.com/zhaoxuya520/reverse-skill/blob/main/LICENSE"
---
> **⚠️ AUTHORIZED USE ONLY**
> This skill is for educational purposes or authorized security assessments only.
> You must have explicit, written permission from the system owner before using this tool.
> Misuse of this tool is illegal and strictly prohibited.

> **Mandatory confirmation gate**
> Before running any command that probes, exploits, changes, persists on, extracts data from, or attempts credential access against a target:
> 1. Ask the user to state the exact target URL, IP, account, or resource.
> 2. Ask the user to confirm written authorization and the permitted scope.
> 3. Show the exact command(s) and explain their expected effect.
> 4. Wait for explicit confirmation in the current conversation.
>
> Without that confirmation, remain read-only and provide defensive guidance only. Prefer a sandbox, disposable VM, or controlled lab.

# Hardware / Embedded Interface Security
## When to Use

- Physical security review of a device you own or are authorized to test.
- Locating and documenting exposed debug interfaces.


## 适用场景

- UART / JTAG / SWD 调试口发现
- 启动日志、root shell、引导打断
- 配合拆机提取 Flash
- 安全启动/加密 Flash 的可行性评估（非破坏性优先）

## 工作流

```text
□ 拆解授权设备；拍照标注测试点
□ 万用表找 GND/VCC/TX/RX；逻辑电平 1.8/3.3/5V
□ 断电确认接线与电平；不要将 USB-TTL VCC 直接接到已供电目标，避免反向供电
□ USB-TTL 先仅连接 GND 与适配器 RX 读取目标 TX；记录波特率
□ JTAG：枚举 IDCODE；评估是否锁定
□ 提取镜像 → 交接 firmware-pentest / ghidra
```

## 工具链

| 工具 | 用途 |
|------|------|
| USB-TTL / logic analyzer | UART |
| J-Link / CMSIS-DAP | 调试 |
| bus pirate / flipper（实验室） | 多协议 |
| binwalk / flashrom | 提取 |

## 参考

- `references/debug-interface-triage.md`
- `../firmware-pentest/` `../ot-ics/`

## 路由上下文

**上游**: MASTER R34  
**MUST NOT**: 未授权拆机/损坏他人设备

## 任务完成自检

- [ ] 是否记录接口电平与引脚图？
- [ ] 镜像是否哈希保全？
- [ ] Checklist？

## Limitations

- Requires physical access and basic HW tooling (adapters, multimeter).
- Soldered or disabled debug ports raise the difficulty sharply.

> Adapted from [zhaoxuya520/reverse-skill](https://github.com/zhaoxuya520/reverse-skill) (MIT).