Apache ORC columnar storage format reference. File structure with stripes and indexes, schema types with evolution rules, compression codecs (ZLIB/SNAPPY/ZSTD), orc-tools CLI, Python/Java writer APIs, Hive ACID transactions, Spark integration, and performance tuning with bloom filters.
Scanned 9/7/2026
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---
name: "orc"
version: "1.0.0"
description: "Apache ORC columnar storage format reference. File structure with stripes and indexes, schema types with evolution rules, compression codecs (ZLIB/SNAPPY/ZSTD), orc-tools CLI, Python/Java writer APIs, Hive ACID transactions, Spark integration, and performance tuning with bloom filters."
author: "BytesAgain"
homepage: "https://bytesagain.com"
source: "https://github.com/bytesagain/ai-skills"
tags: [orc, columnar, hadoop, hive, spark, data, analytics]
category: "data"
---
# Apache ORC
Apache ORC columnar storage format reference.
## Commands
| Command | Description |
|---------|-------------|
| `intro` | ORC overview, file structure, vs Parquet |
| `schema` | Types, complex types, schema evolution |
| `compression` | ZLIB/SNAPPY/LZO/ZSTD codecs, ratios |
| `read` | orc-tools CLI, Python/Java read APIs |
| `write` | Writer APIs, stripe/buffer sizing |
| `hive` | Hive integration, ACID transactions |
| `spark` | Spark ORC read/write, pushdown |
| `performance` | Bloom filters, indexes, vectorized reads |
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