Installs into .claude/skills of the current project.
Are you the author of 027 Each Eeb89220?
Add the live security badge to your README. It updates with every re-scan.
[](https://www.skillsdirectory.com/skills/tools-only-027-each-eeb89220)
# CPU, Memory, and Disk Resources
## Default Resources
Each Modal container has default reservations:
- **CPU**: 0.125 cores
- **Memory**: 128 MiB
Containers can exceed minimum if worker has available resources.
## CPU Cores
Request CPU cores as floating-point number:
```python
@app.function(cpu=8.0)
def my_function():
# Guaranteed access to at least 8 physical cores
...
```
Values correspond to physical cores, not vCPUs.
Modal sets multi-threading environment variables based on CPU reservation:
- `OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS`
- `OMP_NUM_THREADS`
- `MKL_NUM_THREADS`
## Memory
Request memory in megabytes (integer):
```python
@app.function(memory=32768)
def my_function():
# Guaranteed access to at least 32 GiB RAM
...
```
## Resource Limits
### CPU Limits
Default soft CPU limit: request + 16 cores
- Default request: 0.125 cores → default limit: 16.125 cores
- Above limit, host throttles CPU usage
Set explicit CPU limit:
```python
cpu_request = 1.0
cpu_limit = 4.0
@app.function(cpu=(cpu_request, cpu_limit))
def f():
...
```
### Memory Limits
Set hard memory limit to OOM kill containers at threshold:
```python
mem_request = 1024 # MB
mem_limit = 2048 # MB
@app.function(memory=(mem_request, mem_limit))
def f():
# Container killed if exceeds 2048 MB
...
```
Useful for catching memory leaks early.
### Disk Limits
Running containers have access to many GBs of SSD disk, limited by:
1. Underlying worker's SSD capacity
2. Per-container disk quota (100s of GBs)
Hitting limits causes `OSError` on disk writes.
Request larger disk with `ephemeral_disk`:
```python
@app.function(ephemeral_disk=10240) # 10 GiB
def process_large_files():
...
```
Maximum disk size: 3.0 TiB (3,145,728 MiB)
Intended use: dataset processing
## Billing
Charged based on whichever is higher: reservation or actual usage.
Disk requests increase memory request at 20:1 ratio:
- Requesting 500 GiB disk → increases memory request to 25 GiB (if not already higher)
## Maximum Requests
Modal enforces maximums at Function creation time. Requests exceeding maximum will be rejected with `InvalidError`.
Contact support if you need higher limits.
## Example: Resource Configuration
```python
@app.function(
cpu=4.0, # 4 physical cores
memory=16384, # 16 GiB RAM
ephemeral_disk=51200, # 50 GiB disk
timeout=3600, # 1 hour timeout
)
def process_data():
# Heavy processing with large files
...
```
## Monitoring Resource Usage
View resource usage in Modal dashboard:
- CPU utilization
- Memory usage
- Disk usage
- GPU metrics (if applicable)
Access via https://modal.com/apps
