Use when the user has a patent publication number, patent URL, or patent-search result and wants the PDF fetched into the configured patent inbox.
Scanned 6/7/2026
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---
name: patent-fetch
title: patent-fetch — 专利 PDF 下载
description: Use when the user has a patent publication number, patent URL, or patent-search result and wants the PDF fetched into the configured patent inbox.
author: ZimoLiao
author_url: https://github.com/ZimoLiao/scholaraio/tree/main/.claude/skills/patent-fetch
license: MIT
version: 0.1.0
execution_mode: open
jurisdiction: general
practice: ip
language: zh
---
# patent-fetch — 专利 PDF 下载
优先通过 USPTO PPUBS 官方导出接口下载美国专利 PDF,并在必要时回退到 Google Patents 页面抓取,自动保存到 configured patent inbox(fresh 默认 `data/spool/inbox-patent/`),供后续 `pipeline ingest` 入库。旧版 `data/inbox-patent/` 先用 `scholaraio migrate upgrade --migration-id <id> --confirm` 迁移。
常与 `patent-search` 配合使用:先用 `patent-search` 发现专利,再用 `patent-fetch` 或 `--fetch` 参数下载 PDF。
## 功能
- **专利 ID 直输**:只需输入专利公开号(如 `US20240176406A1`),优先走 USPTO 官方导出
- **完整 URL 支持**:也支持直接传入完整的专利页面链接
- **官方下载优先**:美国专利优先走 PPUBS 导出,避免 Google 页面抓取不稳定
- **自动去重**:如果目标文件已存在,跳过下载
- **仅用于发现下载**:不入库,下载后需手动执行 `scholaraio pipeline ingest` 走专利入库流程
## 用法
### 通过专利 ID 下载
```bash
scholaraio patent-fetch US20240176406A1
```
### 通过完整 URL 下载
```bash
scholaraio patent-fetch "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20240176406A1"
```
### 与 patent-search 联动
```bash
# 方式一:搜索后根据提示手动下载
scholaraio patent-search "neural network" --count 5
# 输出中每条结果会显示:下载: scholaraio patent-fetch <公开号>
# 方式二:搜索时自动下载所有结果 PDF
scholaraio patent-search "neural network" --count 5 --fetch
```
## 输出示例
```
已下载: /path/to/data/spool/inbox-patent/US20240176406A1.pdf (1679017 bytes)
已保存到: /path/to/data/spool/inbox-patent/US20240176406A1.pdf
```
如果文件已存在:
```
文件已存在: /path/to/data/spool/inbox-patent/US20240176406A1.pdf
已保存到: /path/to/data/spool/inbox-patent/US20240176406A1.pdf
```
如果页面没有 PDF 链接:
```
未在该页面找到 PDF 下载链接
```
## 推荐工作流
### 手动下载流程
```bash
# 1. 搜索专利
scholaraio patent-search "quantum computing" --count 10
# 2. 根据公开号下载目标专利 PDF
scholaraio patent-fetch US20230123456A1
# 3. 走正常专利入库流程(自动按公开号去重、标记 patent 类型)
scholaraio pipeline ingest
# 4. 本地检索
scholaraio search "voltage overshoot"
```
### 自动下载流程
```bash
# 1. 搜索并自动下载前 5 条结果的 PDF
scholaraio patent-search "quantum computing" --count 5 --fetch
# 2. 直接入库
scholaraio pipeline ingest
```
## 故障排除
**页面请求超时或下载失败**
- 美国专利默认优先走 USPTO PPUBS 官方导出,通常不需要额外代理
- 若已回退到 Google Patents,某些网络环境下可能需要配置 HTTP 代理
**未在该页面找到 PDF 下载链接**
- 该专利可能尚未上传 PDF(如非常新的 WO 专利)
- 尝试在浏览器中打开页面确认是否有 PDF 下载入口
- 部分非美国专利或特殊文档类型可能需要换源(如 EPO)
**下载失败**
- 检查 configured patent inbox(fresh 默认 `data/spool/inbox-patent/`)是否有写入权限
- 确认磁盘空间充足
## 相关功能
- `scholaraio patent-search` — USPTO 专利搜索(发现专利公开号,支持 `--fetch` 自动下载)
- `scholaraio pipeline ingest` — 将 inbox-patent 中的 PDF 入库
- `scholaraio search` / `scholaraio vsearch` — 本地知识库检索
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