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Plan Hiking Tour

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Plan a hiking tour with trail selection by difficulty (SAC/UIAA), time estimation using Munter's formula, elevation analysis, and safety assessment. Covers multi-day hut-to-hut tours, day hikes, and alpine routes with terrain classification and group fitness considerations. Use when planning a day hike or multi-day trekking tour, selecting trails appropriate for a group's fitness and experience, estimating realistic hiking times, or planning hut-to-hut tours with overnight logistics.

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  • Added September 3, 2026
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Scanned September 3, 2026

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SKILL.md
---
name: plan-hiking-tour
locale: wenyan-lite
source_locale: en
source_commit: 82c77053
fence_basis_commit: 82c77053
translator: "Julius Brussee homage — caveman"
translation_date: "2026-04-26"
description: >
  Plan a hiking tour with trail selection by difficulty (SAC/UIAA), time
  estimation using Munter's formula, elevation analysis, and safety
  assessment. Covers multi-day hut-to-hut tours, day hikes, and alpine routes
  with terrain classification and group fitness considerations. Use when
  planning a day hike or multi-day trekking tour, selecting trails appropriate
  for a group's fitness and experience, estimating realistic hiking times, or
  planning hut-to-hut tours with overnight logistics.
license: MIT
allowed-tools: Read Grep Glob WebFetch WebSearch
metadata:
  author: Philipp Thoss
  version: "1.0"
  domain: travel
  complexity: intermediate
  language: multi
  tags: travel, hiking, trails, elevation, safety, difficulty
---

# 規劃健行行程

為體能不一之團體規劃健行行程:擇徑、估時、剖析高程並評估安全。

## 適用時機

- 規劃單日或多日縱走
- 為團體之體能與經驗擇適切之徑
- 為路線規劃估算合理之健行時間
- 評估當前條件下路線之安全性
- 規劃含夜宿之山屋接力行程

## 輸入

- **必要**:健行區域
- **必要**:團體概況(人數、體能、經驗)
- **必要**:可用時間(單日時長或天數)
- **選擇性**:難度偏好(SAC T1-T6 或描述式:易/中/難)
- **選擇性**:可承受之爬升/下降(公尺)
- **選擇性**:欲納入之特定山頭、山屋或目的地
- **選擇性**:季節與預期之天氣窗口

## 步驟

### 步驟一:界定需求

立下擇徑之約束參數。

```text
Group Fitness Classification:
┌──────────────┬──────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Level        │ Capabilities                                     │
├──────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Beginner     │ 3-4 hrs walking, <500 m elevation gain,          │
│              │ well-marked paths only (SAC T1-T2)               │
├──────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Intermediate │ 5-7 hrs walking, 500-1000 m elevation gain,      │
│              │ mountain trails with some exposure (SAC T2-T3)   │
├──────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Advanced     │ 7-10 hrs walking, 1000-1500 m elevation gain,    │
│              │ alpine trails, scrambling (SAC T3-T5)            │
├──────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Expert       │ 10+ hrs, 1500+ m gain, via ferrata, glacier,     │
│              │ technical terrain (SAC T5-T6, UIAA I-III)        │
└──────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

SAC Hiking Scale Reference:
  T1 - Hiking:         Well-maintained paths, no exposure
  T2 - Mountain hiking: Marked trails, some steep sections
  T3 - Demanding:      Exposed sections, scree, basic scrambling
  T4 - Alpine hiking:  Simple scrambling, steep exposed terrain
  T5 - Demanding alpine: Challenging scrambling, glacier crossings
  T6 - Difficult alpine: Very exposed climbing, technical ice/rock
```

記錄團體最弱者之體能水準,因此即決定可承擔之最高難度。

**預期:** 一份明確之需求概況,含團體層級、時間預算、爬升容忍度,及任何必含或必避之約束。

**失敗時:** 若團體體能參差,以最弱者為準,但為較強者另備可選之延伸路段(如某些人於山屋休息時,他人偏徑攻頂)。

### 步驟二:篩選候選徑

研究並列出符合需求之徑。

徑徑資料來源:
- 健行指南與地區網站
- OpenStreetMap(標有 `sac_scale` 之徑)
- 各國/地區徑跡資料庫(如 SchweizMobil、Alpenverein)
- 以 WebSearch 搜尋「[區域] hiking trails [difficulty]」

對每一候選徑,蒐集:

```text
Trail Data Sheet:
┌─────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Field               │ Value                                │
├─────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Trail name/number   │                                      │
│ Start point         │ Name, elevation, access              │
│ End point           │ Name, elevation, access              │
│ Distance (km)       │                                      │
│ Elevation gain (m)  │                                      │
│ Elevation loss (m)  │                                      │
│ Highest point (m)   │                                      │
│ Difficulty (SAC)    │                                      │
│ Exposure            │ None / Moderate / Significant        │
│ Markings            │ Well-marked / Sparse / Unmarked      │
│ Huts/shelters       │ Names and locations along route      │
│ Water sources       │ Reliable / Seasonal / None           │
│ Season              │ Months when passable                 │
│ Escape routes       │ Points where you can exit early      │
└─────────────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────┘
```

擇 2-3 個候選符合需求者,再加一條較易之備案。

**預期:** 一份具完整資料表之候選名單,所有徑皆於團體能力範圍內。

**失敗時:** 若無徑符合所有約束,先放鬆最不重要者(一般而言:距離先於難度)。若徑跡資料缺漏,標明缺項並打算現場驗證或聯絡當地觀光辦公室。

### 步驟三:以 Munter 公式估時

採瑞士登山會(SAC)之 Munter 公式作合理估算。

```text
Munter Formula:
  Time (hours) = (horizontal_km + vertical_km) / pace

  Where:
  - horizontal_km = trail distance in km
  - vertical_km   = elevation gain in meters / 100
                     (each 100 m up counts as 1 km)
  - pace           = km/h achieved on flat ground

Pace by Fitness Level:
┌──────────────┬────────────────┬──────────────────────────────┐
│ Level        │ Pace (km/h)    │ Notes                        │
├──────────────┼────────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ Beginner     │ 3.5            │ Includes frequent stops      │
│ Intermediate │ 4.0            │ Steady pace, short breaks    │
│ Advanced     │ 4.5            │ Efficient pace, few breaks   │
│ Expert       │ 5.0            │ Fast and steady              │
│ With kids    │ 2.5-3.0        │ Very frequent stops          │
│ Heavy pack   │ Subtract 0.5   │ Multi-day with full pack     │
└──────────────┴────────────────┴──────────────────────────────┘

Descent Adjustment:
  - Gentle descent (<20% grade): adds minimal time
  - Steep descent (>20% grade): add elevation_loss_m / 200 hours
  - Very steep/technical: add elevation_loss_m / 150 hours
```

範例計算:
```text
Trail: 12 km distance, 850 m elevation gain, 400 m steep descent
Group: Intermediate (pace = 4.0 km/h)

Ascent component:  (12 + 850/100) / 4.0 = (12 + 8.5) / 4.0 = 5.1 hours
Descent component: 400 / 200 = 2.0 hours additional for steep descent
Total estimate:    5.1 + 2.0 = 7.1 hours (round to 7-7.5 hours)

Add breaks: +30 min lunch, +15 min x 3 short breaks = +75 min
Total with breaks: approximately 8.5 hours trailhead to trailhead
```

**預期:** 各候選徑之時間估算,含休息時間。估算宜保守(早到優於暗夜行徑)。

**失敗時:** 若估算時長超過可用日照,路線過長。或縮短(找較近之終點,或以交通工具略過某段),或拆作兩日。若團體未經實測,首日採新手節奏,依實際表現再調整。

### 步驟四:評估安全

評估所選路線之客觀與主觀風險。

```text
Safety Assessment Checklist:
┌──────────────────────┬────────────┬──────────────────────────────┐
│ Hazard               │ Rating     │ Mitigation                   │
├──────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ Weather forecast     │ Good/Fair/ │ Check 3 sources; define      │
│                      │ Poor       │ turn-around weather triggers  │
├──────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ Thunderstorm risk    │ Low/Med/   │ Plan to be below treeline    │
│                      │ High       │ by early afternoon           │
├──────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ Snow/ice on trail    │ None/Some/ │ Check snow line; carry       │
│                      │ Extensive  │ microspikes if needed        │
├──────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ River crossings      │ Dry/Normal/│ Check recent rainfall;       │
│                      │ High water │ identify bridges or fords    │
├──────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ Exposure/fall risk   │ None/Mod/  │ Assess group comfort level;  │
│                      │ Significant│ carry slings for short-roping│
├──────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ Trail condition      │ Good/Fair/ │ Check maintenance reports;   │
│                      │ Poor       │ plan for slower pace if poor │
├──────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ Escape routes        │ Multiple/  │ Identify exit points and     │
│                      │ Few/None   │ nearest road access          │
├──────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────────────┤
│ Cell coverage        │ Good/Spotty│ Download offline maps;       │
│                      │ /None      │ carry emergency beacon if    │
│                      │            │ remote                       │
└──────────────────────┴────────────┴──────────────────────────────┘

Overall Safety Rating:
  GREEN  - All factors favorable, proceed as planned
  YELLOW - One or more concerns, proceed with extra caution and backup plan
  RED    - Significant hazards present, postpone or choose alternative route
```

**預期:** 一份完成之安全評估,所有風險皆有等級與對應之緩解。並有 GREEN/YELLOW/RED 之總評以供 go/no-go 決策。

**失敗時:** 若主路線評為 RED,改採步驟二之備案。若所有選項皆 RED(如惡劣天候預報),延期。切勿為時程便利而否決 RED 之安全評等。

### 步驟五:規劃行政事務

為單日或多日行程整理實務細節。

```text
Logistics Checklist:
┌──────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Category             │ Details to confirm                       │
├──────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Trailhead access     │ Driving directions, parking, bus/train   │
│ Hut reservations     │ Booking required? Half-board available?  │
│ Water resupply       │ Reliable sources along route             │
│ Food                 │ Packed lunch, hut meals, snacks          │
│ Gear                 │ See check-hiking-gear skill              │
│ Emergency contacts   │ Mountain rescue #, local emergency       │
│ Map and navigation   │ Paper map, offline GPS, waypoints loaded │
│ Group communication  │ Meeting points if group separates        │
│ Return transport     │ Last bus/train time from endpoint        │
│ Parking shuttle      │ If start != end, how to retrieve car     │
└──────────────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

多日行程:
1. 提早預訂山屋(熱門山屋常須提前數月)
2. 規劃食水補給點
3. 為每日辨明撤退點(傷者或變天時何處可離)
4. 將行程交予未隨行之人保管

**預期:** 全部行政事務皆已確認或標為待辦。山屋已訂、出入接送已安排、緊急計畫已留紀錄。

**失敗時:** 若山屋客滿,查近處替代(露宿小屋、營地、需較長徒步之較低山屋)。若起點難達(如道路封閉),改安排運輸或調整起點。

### 步驟六:產生健行計畫

將一切整合為完整之健行計畫文件。

```text
Hiking Plan Document Structure:
1. Summary
   - Route name, dates, total distance/elevation
   - Group members and emergency contacts
   - Overall difficulty and safety rating

2. Day-by-Day Itinerary
   - Start/end points with times
   - Distance, elevation gain/loss, estimated time
   - Key waypoints and navigation notes
   - Water sources and meal plans
   - Escape route options

3. Safety Information
   - Weather forecast (to be updated day-of)
   - Known hazards and mitigations
   - Turn-around time and triggers
   - Emergency procedures and contacts

4. Logistics
   - Transport arrangements
   - Accommodation bookings
   - Gear checklist reference

5. Maps
   - Overview map with all days
   - Elevation profile for each day
```

**預期:** 一份完整之健行計畫,可分發予所有參與者並交予緊急聯絡人。無須再行查資料即可付諸執行。

**失敗時:** 若計畫尚有出發前無法填補之缺口,明確記錄並指派負責人逐項解決。關鍵安全缺口(未指明撤退路線、未定天氣查核計畫)必須於出發前解決。

## 驗證

- [ ] 徑之難度與團體之體能與經驗相符
- [ ] 時程估算採用 Munter 公式與適切之團體節奏
- [ ] 安全評估已完成,所有風險皆有評級
- [ ] 整體安全評級為 GREEN 或 YELLOW(非 RED)
- [ ] 多日行程之山屋/住宿已確認預訂
- [ ] 已為各段辨明補水點
- [ ] 已為每日繪出撤退路線
- [ ] 緊急聯絡人與程序已記錄
- [ ] 行程已分享予未隨行之緊急聯絡人
- [ ] 已產生裝備查核表(透過 check-hiking-gear 技能)

## 常見陷阱

- **依最快者規劃**:永遠依最慢者規劃。團體之速度取決於最弱之一環。
- **忽略下降時間**:陡降緩慢且傷膝。Munter 公式雖已納入,但多人仍低估。
- **無折返時間**:訂下硬性折返時間(高山路線通常為午後早期),以免暗夜下行或午後雷雨。
- **未備備案路線**:天氣與條件多變。永備一條較易之替代。
- **首日太重**:以較短較易之首日評估團體節奏並適應海拔,尤其於高處。
- **低估海拔**:2500 m 以上,未適應者宜減速 10-20%;3000 m 以上,高山症之風險為實。
- **山屋訂位假設**:熱門山屋(尤其阿爾卑斯)需提前數週至數月訂位。旺季切勿假設臨櫃可入住。

## 相關技能

- `check-hiking-gear` —— 為所規劃健行產生最適化裝備查核表
- `assess-trail-conditions` —— 評估所選徑當前狀況
- `plan-tour-route` —— 非健行段之更廣行程規劃
- `create-spatial-visualization` —— 視覺化健行路線與高程剖面
- `generate-tour-report` —— 將健行計畫整理為格式化報告

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