Catalog Collection

---
name: catalog-collection
locale: wenyan-ultra
source_locale: en
source_commit: 82c77053
fence_basis_commit: 82c77053
translator: "Julius Brussee homage — caveman"
translation_date: "2026-04-19"
description: >
  Catalog and classify materials using standard library systems. Covers
  descriptive cataloging, subject headings, call number assignment using Dewey
  Decimal and Library of Congress Classification, MARC record basics, shelf
  organization, and authority control for consistent access points. Use when
  organizing a personal, institutional, or community library from scratch,
  assigning call numbers and subject headings to new acquisitions, reclassifying
  a collection that has outgrown its original system, or establishing authority
  control for authors, series, or subjects.
license: MIT
allowed-tools: Read Grep Glob WebFetch WebSearch
metadata:
  author: Philipp Thoss
  version: "1.0"
  domain: library-science
  complexity: intermediate
  language: natural
  tags: library-science, cataloging, classification, dewey, loc, marc, metadata, taxonomy
---

# 錄藏

以標庫系錄分庫或檔物，循標分系與述錄慣。

## 用

- 自零建私、機、社區庫
- 為新收賦索號與題標
- 造一致錄使易尋
- 重分已出原系之藏
- 立作者、叢、題之權控

## 入

- **必**：當錄物（書、刊、媒、檔）
- **必**：所擇分系（DDC 或 LCC）
- **可**：現錄或表以整
- **可**：題標權（LCSH、Sears、客詞庫）
- **可**：合 MARC 之錄件（Koha、Evergreen、LibraryThing）

## 行

### 一：擇分系

擇合藏規模、範、眾之系。

```text
Classification System Comparison:
+----------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Criterion                  | Dewey Decimal (DDC)           | Library of Congress (LCC)     |
+----------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Best for                   | Public/school libraries,      | Academic/research libraries,  |
|                            | personal collections <10K     | collections >10K volumes      |
+----------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Structure                  | 10 main classes (000-999),    | 21 letter classes (A-Z),      |
|                            | decimal subdivision           | alphanumeric subdivision      |
+----------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Granularity                | Broad at top levels,          | Very specific; designed for   |
|                            | expandable via decimals       | research-level distinction    |
+----------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Learning curve             | Moderate — intuitive          | Steeper — requires schedules  |
|                            | decimal logic                 | and tables                    |
+----------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Browsability               | Excellent for general         | Excellent for subject-deep    |
|                            | browsing                      | collections                   |
+----------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+

Decision Rule:
- Personal or small community library: DDC
- Academic, research, or large institutional: LCC
- Mixed or uncertain: Start with DDC; migrate to LCC if collection exceeds 10K
```

**得：** 分系合藏規模與旨已擇。

**敗：** 兩系皆不合（如極專檔）→慮面分或客制，而錄對 DDC 或 LCC 之映以通用。

### 二：行述錄

每物循標慣造書錄。

```text
Descriptive Cataloging Elements (RDA-aligned):
1. TITLE AND STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY
   - Title proper (exactly as on title page)
   - Subtitle (if present)
   - Statement of responsibility (author, editor, translator)

2. EDITION
   - Edition statement ("2nd ed.", "Rev. ed.")

3. PUBLICATION INFORMATION
   - Place of publication
   - Publisher name
   - Date of publication

4. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
   - Extent (pages, volumes, running time)
   - Dimensions (cm for books)
   - Accompanying material (CD, maps)

5. SERIES
   - Series title and numbering

6. NOTES
   - Bibliography, index, language notes
   - Special features or provenance

7. STANDARD IDENTIFIERS
   - ISBN, ISSN, LCCN, OCLC number

Cataloging Principle: Describe what you see.
Take information from the item itself (title page first,
then cover, colophon, verso). Do not guess or embellish.
```

**得：** 每物一致書錄附足詳以唯識與發現。

**敗：** 刊資缺（舊或自印常）→以方括示供值：`[ca. 1920]`、`[s.l.]`（無地）、`[s.n.]`（無社）。

### 三：賦題標

施控詞以令用者依題尋物。

```text
Subject Heading Sources:
+------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Authority                    | Use For                                  |
+------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| LCSH (Library of Congress    | General and academic collections.        |
| Subject Headings)            | Most widely used worldwide.              |
+------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Sears List of Subject        | Small public and school libraries.       |
| Headings                     | Simpler vocabulary than LCSH.            |
+------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| MeSH (Medical Subject        | Medical and health science collections.  |
| Headings)                    |                                          |
+------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Custom thesaurus             | Specialized archives or corporate        |
|                              | collections with domain-specific terms.  |
+------------------------------+------------------------------------------+

Assignment Rules:
1. Assign 1-3 subject headings per item (more is noise, fewer is loss)
2. Use the most specific heading available (not "Science" when
   "Marine Biology" exists)
3. Apply subdivisions where helpful:
   - Topical: "Cooking--Italian"
   - Geographic: "Architecture--France--Paris"
   - Chronological: "Art--20th century"
   - Form: "Poetry--Collections"
4. Check authority files for preferred forms before creating new headings
5. Be consistent: if you use "Automobiles" don't also use "Cars" as a heading
```

**得：** 每物有 1-3 自控詞之題標，跨藏一致施。

**敗：** 權中無宜標→造本地標且錄於本權檔。定期察與主權合。

### 四：賦索號

以所擇分系建架址。

```text
Dewey Decimal Call Number Construction:
1. Main class number (3 digits minimum): 641.5
2. Add Cutter number for author: .S65 (Smith)
3. Add date for editions: 2023
   Result: 641.5 S65 2023

DDC Main Classes:
  000 - Computer Science, Information
  100 - Philosophy, Psychology
  200 - Religion
  300 - Social Sciences
  400 - Language
  500 - Science
  600 - Technology
  700 - Arts, Recreation
  800 - Literature
  900 - History, Geography

LCC Call Number Construction:
1. Class letter(s): QA (Mathematics)
2. Subclass number: 76.73 (Programming languages)
3. Cutter for specific topic: .P98 (Python)
4. Date: 2023
   Result: QA76.73.P98 2023

Shelving Rule: Call numbers sort left-to-right,
segment by segment. Numbers sort numerically,
letters sort alphabetically, Cutters sort as decimals.
```

**得：** 每錄物有唯索號定其架位。

**敗：** 兩物生同索號→加作標（首題字，除冠）或副號以區。

### 五：造或更錄

錄錄資入錄系。

```text
Minimum Viable Catalog Record:
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field           | Example                                      |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Call Number     | 641.5 S65 2023                               |
| Title           | The Joy of Cooking                           |
| Author          | Smith, Jane                                  |
| Edition         | 9th ed.                                      |
| Publisher       | New York : Scribner, 2023                    |
| Physical Desc.  | xii, 1200 p. : ill. ; 26 cm                 |
| ISBN            | 978-1-5011-6971-7                            |
| Subjects        | Cooking, American                            |
|                 | Cookbooks                                    |
| Status          | Available                                    |
| Location        | Main Stacks                                  |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+

If using MARC format:
- 245 $a Title $c Statement of responsibility
- 100 $a Author (personal name)
- 050 $a LCC call number
- 082 $a DDC call number
- 650 $a Subject headings
- 020 $a ISBN

Copy cataloging: Check OCLC WorldCat or your library system's
shared database before creating original records. Someone has
likely already cataloged the same edition.
```

**得：** 每物系中一錄附諸必欄。錄可依作、題、題標、索號搜。

**敗：** 無錄件→結構好之試算表（列名合上欄）為行錄。得件時遷。

### 六：組實架

依索號排物。

```text
Shelf Organization Principles:
1. Left to right, top to bottom (like reading a page)
2. Call numbers in strict sort order:
   - DDC: 000 → 999, then Cutter alphabetically
   - LCC: A → Z, then number, then Cutter
3. Spine labels: print or write call number on spine label
   (white label, black text, 3 lines max)
4. Shelf markers: place dividers at major class boundaries
   (every 100 in DDC, every letter in LCC)
5. Shifting: leave 20-30% empty space per shelf for growth
6. Oversize: shelve items taller than 30cm in a separate
   oversize section, with "+q" prefix on call number

Shelf Reading (periodic verification):
- Walk the stacks weekly
- Check that items are in correct call number order
- Reshelve any misplaced items
- Note damaged items for repair or replacement
```

**得：** 物依索號實排附清脊標與長空。

**敗：** 空不足→優置高流物於易達架，移低用物至緊存，錄於錄注位。

## 驗

- [ ] 分系已擇且錄
- [ ] 述錄完於諸物附題、作、刊資
- [ ] 題標自控詞賦（每物 1-3）
- [ ] 索號已賦且每物唯
- [ ] 錄於系或試算表造
- [ ] 實物依索號架附脊標
- [ ] 權控已立以一致名與題式

## 忌

- **標不一**：同用「World War, 1939-1945」與「WWII」敗控詞之旨。擇一權而守
- **過分**：小私庫賦 15 位 DDC 號加繁無益。分度合藏規模
- **略錄錄**：共錄存而造原錄耗時。先察共庫
- **脊標略**：已錄無脊標之書必誤架。錄後即標
- **無長空**：架滿 100%→每新收觸一連移。留空

## 參

- `preserve-materials` — 保錄物之況
- `curate-collection` — 定何錄之藏發展決
- `manage-memory` — 組持知存（錄之數對）