Build reusable Shiny modules with proper namespace isolation using NS(). Covers module UI/server pairs, reactive return values, inter-module communication, and nested module composition. Use when extracting a reusable component from a growing Shiny app, building a UI widget used in multiple places, encapsulating complex reactive logic behind a clean interface, or composing larger applications from smaller, testable units.
Scanned 9/3/2026
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---
name: build-shiny-module
locale: wenyan-ultra
source_locale: en
source_commit: 82c77053
fence_basis_commit: 82c77053
translator: "Julius Brussee homage — caveman"
translation_date: "2026-04-19"
description: >
Build reusable Shiny modules with proper namespace isolation using NS().
Covers module UI/server pairs, reactive return values, inter-module
communication, and nested module composition. Use when extracting a reusable
component from a growing Shiny app, building a UI widget used in multiple
places, encapsulating complex reactive logic behind a clean interface, or
composing larger applications from smaller, testable units.
license: MIT
allowed-tools: Read Write Edit Bash Grep Glob
metadata:
author: Philipp Thoss
version: "1.0"
domain: shiny
complexity: intermediate
language: R
tags: shiny, modules, namespace, reactive, composition
---
# 建 Shiny 模
造可重用之 Shiny UI/server 模對附名間隔、反應通、可組。
## 用
- 自增長 Shiny 應取可重用件
- 建於多處用之 UI 件
- 以清介包繁反應邏
- 自小可試單組大應
## 入
- **必**:模旨與能述
- **必**:入/出契(模受與返何)
- **可**:模嵌他模否(默:否)
- **可**:框脈(golem、rhino、或原生)
## 行
### 一:定模介
書碼前→定模受何返何:
```text
Module: data_filter
Inputs: reactive dataset, column names to filter on
Outputs: reactive filtered dataset
UI: filter controls (selectInput, sliderInput, dateRangeInput)
```
**得:** 清契附反應入、反應出、UI 件。
**敗:** 介不清→模或過廣。分為單責之小模。
### 二:造模 UI 函
```r
#' Data Filter Module UI
#'
#' @param id Module namespace ID
#' @return A tagList of filter controls
#' @export
dataFilterUI <- function(id) {
ns <- NS(id)
tagList(
selectInput(
ns("column"),
"Filter column",
choices = NULL
),
uiOutput(ns("filter_control")),
actionButton(ns("apply"), "Apply Filter", class = "btn-primary")
)
}
```
要律:
- 函名循 `<name>UI` 規
- 首參必為 `id`
- 首行造 `ns <- NS(id)`
- 每 `inputId` 與 `outputId` 以 `ns()` 包
- 返 `tagList()` 以允活置
**得:** UI 函造含名間隔之入/出件。
**敗:** 模二用 ID 撞→察每 ID 以 `ns()` 包。常遺:`renderUI()` 或 `uiOutput()` 中之 ID—此亦需 `ns()`。
### 三:造模 Server 函
```r
#' Data Filter Module Server
#'
#' @param id Module namespace ID
#' @param data Reactive expression returning a data frame
#' @param columns Character vector of filterable column names
#' @return Reactive expression returning the filtered data frame
#' @export
dataFilterServer <- function(id, data, columns) {
moduleServer(id, function(input, output, session) {
ns <- session$ns
# Update column choices when data changes
observeEvent(data(), {
available <- intersect(columns, names(data()))
updateSelectInput(session, "column", choices = available)
})
# Dynamic filter control based on selected column
output$filter_control <- renderUI({
req(input$column)
col_data <- data()[[input$column]]
if (is.numeric(col_data)) {
sliderInput(
ns("value_range"),
"Range",
min = min(col_data, na.rm = TRUE),
max = max(col_data, na.rm = TRUE),
value = range(col_data, na.rm = TRUE)
)
} else {
selectInput(
ns("value_select"),
"Values",
choices = unique(col_data),
multiple = TRUE,
selected = unique(col_data)
)
}
})
# Return filtered data as a reactive
filtered <- eventReactive(input$apply, {
req(input$column)
col <- input$column
df <- data()
if (is.numeric(df[[col]])) {
req(input$value_range)
df[df[[col]] >= input$value_range[1] &
df[[col]] <= input$value_range[2], ]
} else {
req(input$value_select)
df[df[[col]] %in% input$value_select, ]
}
}, ignoreNULL = FALSE)
return(filtered)
})
}
```
要律:
- 函名循 `<name>Server` 規
- 首參必為 `id`
- 餘參為反應表或靜值
- 用 `moduleServer(id, function(input, output, session) { ... })`
- Server 內動 UI 用 `session$ns`
- 顯返反應值
**得:** server 函處入返反應出。
**敗:** 反應值不更→察動 UI 之入用 `session$ns`(非外 `ns`)。模返 NULL→確 `return()` 為 `moduleServer()` 內末表。
### 四:連模於父應
```r
# In app_ui.R or ui
ui <- page_sidebar(
title = "Analysis App",
sidebar = sidebar(
dataFilterUI("filter1")
),
card(
DT::dataTableOutput("table")
)
)
# In app_server.R or server
server <- function(input, output, session) {
# Raw data source
raw_data <- reactive({ mtcars })
# Call module — capture its return value
filtered_data <- dataFilterServer(
"filter1",
data = raw_data,
columns = c("cyl", "mpg", "hp", "wt")
)
# Use the module's returned reactive
output$table <- DT::renderDataTable({
filtered_data()
})
}
```
**得:** 模現 UI 且返反應流至下游出。
**敗:** 模 UI 不渲→驗 `id` 串於 UI 與 server 呼合。返反應 NULL→察 server 函實返值。
### 五:組嵌模(可選)
含他模之模:
```r
analysisUI <- function(id) {
ns <- NS(id)
tagList(
dataFilterUI(ns("filter")),
plotOutput(ns("plot"))
)
}
analysisServer <- function(id, data) {
moduleServer(id, function(input, output, session) {
# Call inner module with namespaced ID
filtered <- dataFilterServer("filter", data = data, columns = names(data()))
output$plot <- renderPlot({
req(filtered())
plot(filtered())
})
return(filtered)
})
}
```
要律:UI 中以 `ns("inner_id")` 嵌。Server 中唯 `"inner_id"`—`moduleServer` 處名鏈。
**得:** 內模於外模名間正渲。
**敗:** 內模 UI 不現→或外 UI 函忘 `ns()` 包內模 ID。server 通破→察內模 ID 合(server 呼無 `ns()`)。
### 六:隔試模
```r
# Quick test app for the module
if (interactive()) {
shiny::shinyApp(
ui = fluidPage(
dataFilterUI("test"),
DT::dataTableOutput("result")
),
server = function(input, output, session) {
data <- reactive(iris)
filtered <- dataFilterServer("test", data, names(iris))
output$result <- DT::renderDataTable(filtered())
}
)
}
```
**得:** 模於最簡試應正行。
**敗:** 模隔敗而全應行(或反)→察隱全變依或父會態。
## 驗
- [ ] 模 UI 函受 `id` 首參且用 `NS(id)`
- [ ] UI 中每入/出 ID 以 `ns()` 包
- [ ] 模 server 用 `moduleServer(id, function(input, output, session) { ... })`
- [ ] server 中動 UI 用 `session$ns` 於 ID
- [ ] 模可多實無 ID 撞
- [ ] 反應返值父應可達
- [ ] 模於最簡獨試應行
## 忌
- **`renderUI()` 中忘 `ns()`**:server 內造動 UI 必用 `session$ns`—外 `ns` 於 `moduleServer()` 內不可得。
- **傳非反應資**:經時變之模參必為反應表。傳 `reactive(data)` 非 `data`。
- **ID 不合**:UI 呼與 server 呼之 `id` 串必全合。
- **不返反應**:模算父所需→必 `return()` 反應。忘此為默誤。
- **嵌模名間**:UI:`ns("inner_id")`。server:唯 `"inner_id"`。混此致名重包或缺前。
## 參
- `scaffold-shiny-app` — 加模前設應構
- `test-shiny-app` — 以 testServer() 單試模
- `design-shiny-ui` — 模 UI 之 bslib 布與題
- `optimize-shiny-performance` — 模中快與異模
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