Build a plugin or adapter for a CLI tool using the abstract base class pattern. Covers defining the contract (static fields, required methods), choosing an installation strategy (symlink, copy, append-to-file), implementing detection, install/uninstall with idempotency, listing, auditing, and registering the plugin. Use when adding support for a new framework to a CLI installer, building a plugin system for any multi-target tool, or extending an existing adapter architecture.
Scanned 9/3/2026
Install to Claude Code
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---
name: build-cli-plugin
locale: wenyan-ultra
source_locale: en
source_commit: 82c77053
fence_basis_commit: 82c77053
translator: "Julius Brussee homage — caveman"
translation_date: "2026-04-19"
description: >
Build a plugin or adapter for a CLI tool using the abstract base class
pattern. Covers defining the contract (static fields, required methods),
choosing an installation strategy (symlink, copy, append-to-file),
implementing detection, install/uninstall with idempotency, listing,
auditing, and registering the plugin. Use when adding support for a
new framework to a CLI installer, building a plugin system for any
multi-target tool, or extending an existing adapter architecture.
license: MIT
allowed-tools: Read Write Edit Bash Grep Glob
metadata:
author: Philipp Thoss
version: "1.0"
domain: cli
complexity: intermediate
language: TypeScript
tags:
- cli
- plugin
- adapter
- architecture
- nodejs
---
# 建命工插件
以抽象基類模→加新插件/配器於命工之可插構。
## 用
- 加新標框支於命裝器
- 為多標命工建插系
- 擴現配器構以新策變
- 移內容發至用異檔布之框
## 入
- **必**:插所支之框或標(名、配徑、規)
- **必**:基類或插契之徑
- **必**:裝策:`symlink`、`copy`、`file-per-item`、`append-to-file`
- **可**:插處之內容類(如唯技、技+將、全支)
- **可**:範支(案級、全域、兩)
## 行
### 一:定契
基類立諸插當施之介。
```javascript
export class FrameworkAdapter {
static id = 'base'; // Unique identifier
static displayName = 'Base'; // Human-readable name
static strategy = 'symlink'; // Installation strategy
static contentTypes = ['skill']; // What this adapter handles
async detect(projectDir) { return false; }
getTargetPath(projectDir, scope) { throw new Error('Not implemented'); }
async install(item, projectDir, scope, options) { throw new Error('Not implemented'); }
async uninstall(item, projectDir, scope, options) { throw new Error('Not implemented'); }
async listInstalled(projectDir, scope) { return []; }
async audit(projectDir, scope) { return { framework: this.constructor.displayName, ok: [], warnings: [], errors: [] }; }
supports(contentType) { return this.constructor.contentTypes.includes(contentType); }
}
```
**靜欄** 定插之身與能:
- `id`:用於 `--framework <id>` 選項與結報
- `displayName`:顯於人讀出
- `strategy`:定內容達標之方
- `contentTypes`:濾此配器受之項
基類未存→先造之。模可縮至任數插件。
**得:** 基類附靜身欄與抽方。
**敗:** 基類有不適諸插之方(如非諸框支 `audit`)→供默施返妥空操。
### 二:擇裝策
| 策 | 用時 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| **symlink** | 標直讀源檔。最廉、同步 | Claude Code 讀 `.claude/skills/<name>/` 符連 |
| **copy** | 標需檔於己目。改不傳 | 某 IDE 唯索其目 |
| **file-per-item** | 標每項一檔,有專格 | Cursor `.mdc` 律檔 |
| **append-to-file** | 標讀單指檔 | Aider `CONVENTIONS.md`、Codex `AGENTS.md` |
策定施形:
- **Symlink**:`symlinkSync(source, target)`—處相對對絕對徑
- **Copy**:`cpSync(source, target, { recursive: true })`—處覆
- **File-per-item**:`writeFileSync(target, transform(content))`—或需格轉
- **Append-to-file**:包內容以標冪等插/替/除
**得:** 策已擇附基於標框如何發現內容之清由。
**敗:** 不確→察框文如何發現配或指檔。框讀任意目→默為 symlink。
### 三:施偵
偵告命工案中何框存。
```javascript
// In detector.js — each rule checks for a filesystem marker
const RULES = [
{
id: 'my-framework',
displayName: 'My Framework',
check: (dir) => existsSync(resolve(dir, '.myframework/')),
marker: '.myframework/',
scope: 'project',
},
];
```
偵策:
- **目存**:`.claude/`、`.cursor/`、`.gemini/`
- **配檔**:`opencode.json`、`.aider.conf.yml`
- **指檔**:`AGENTS.md`、`CONVENTIONS.md`
- **全域標**:`~/.openclaw/`、`~/.hermes/`
偵結必返標以令用者解框何以被偵。
**得:** 偵律穩識框而無偽陽。
**敗:** 框無唯標(泛目名)→用多標組或需顯 `--framework`。
### 四:冪等施裝
```javascript
async install(item, projectDir, scope, options) {
const targetDir = this.getTargetPath(projectDir, scope);
const targetPath = resolve(targetDir, item.id);
// Idempotency: skip if already installed (unless force)
if (existsSync(targetPath) && !options.force) {
return { action: 'skipped', path: targetPath };
}
if (options.dryRun) {
return { action: 'created', path: targetPath, details: 'dry-run' };
}
// Ensure parent directory exists
mkdirSync(targetDir, { recursive: true });
// Strategy-specific installation
if (this.constructor.strategy === 'symlink') {
const relPath = relative(targetDir, item.sourceDir);
symlinkSync(relPath, targetPath);
} else if (this.constructor.strategy === 'copy') {
cpSync(item.sourceDir, targetPath, { recursive: true });
}
return { action: 'created', path: targetPath };
}
```
冪等律:
- 標存且未 `--force`→**略**
- `--force` 設→**覆**(先除,後裝)
- **乾行** 必成於 `action: 'created'`
- **返值** 必為 `{ action, path, details? }`
**得:** 裝於標徑造內容,若已存則略,循 `--force` 與 `--dry-run`。
**敗:** symlink 於 Windows/NTFS 敗→退為目連或拷。記退。
### 五:施卸與清
```javascript
async uninstall(item, projectDir, scope, options) {
const targetDir = this.getTargetPath(projectDir, scope);
const targetPath = resolve(targetDir, item.id);
if (!existsSync(targetPath)) {
return { action: 'skipped', path: targetPath };
}
if (options.dryRun) {
return { action: 'removed', path: targetPath };
}
// Remove the installed content
rmSync(targetPath, { recursive: true });
return { action: 'removed', path: targetPath };
}
```
清慮:
- 唯除插所裝—絕不刪用者造檔
- append-to-file:除標段,非全檔
- 留父目(他插或用之)
**得:** 卸唯除插內容。
**敗:** 除敗(權、鎖檔)→返誤結非拋。
### 六:施列與審
```javascript
async listInstalled(projectDir, scope) {
const targetDir = this.getTargetPath(projectDir, scope);
if (!existsSync(targetDir)) return [];
const entries = readdirSync(targetDir);
return entries.map(name => {
const fullPath = resolve(targetDir, name);
const broken = lstatSync(fullPath).isSymbolicLink()
&& !existsSync(fullPath);
return { id: name, type: 'skill', broken };
});
}
async audit(projectDir, scope) {
const items = await this.listInstalled(projectDir, scope);
const ok = items.filter(i => !i.broken);
const broken = items.filter(i => i.broken);
return {
framework: this.constructor.displayName,
ok: [`${ok.length} skills installed`],
warnings: [],
errors: broken.map(i => `Broken: ${i.id}`),
};
}
```
**得:** 列返諸裝項附破連偵。審概健。
**敗:** 標目不存→返空結(非誤—框但無所裝)。
### 七:註插件
```javascript
// In adapters/index.js
import { MyFrameworkAdapter } from './my-framework.js';
register(MyFrameworkAdapter);
```
註令配器得於:
- 自偵(`detectFrameworks()` → `getAdaptersForDetections()`)
- 顯擇(`--framework my-framework`)
- 列(`listAdapters()`)
**得:** 配器現於 `tool detect` 出且可以 `--framework` 標。
**敗:** 配器不現→驗 `static id` 合偵律之 `id` 且 `register()` 已呼。
### 八:書試
```javascript
describe('adapter: my-framework (dry-run)', () => {
it('targets the correct path', () => {
const out = run('install create-skill --framework my-framework --dry-run');
assert.match(out, /\.myframework/i);
});
});
```
最少試:乾行徑、偵存、內容類支。
**得:** 配器專試證裝徑與行。
**敗:** CI 不偵(無標目)→試中顯用 `--framework`。
## 驗
- [ ] 插件正擴基類
- [ ] 靜欄(`id`、`displayName`、`strategy`、`contentTypes`)已設
- [ ] 偵律識框而無偽陽
- [ ] `install()` 冪等(存則略,循 `--force`)
- [ ] `uninstall()` 唯除插所造
- [ ] `listInstalled()` 偵破符連
- [ ] `audit()` 準報健
- [ ] 插件已註且現於 `tool detect`
- [ ] 乾行試通
## 忌
- **忘相對對絕對 symlink**:案範 symlink 當相對(可攜)。全域範 symlink 當絕對(非依 cwd)。
- **不處缺父目**:造內容前必 `mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true })`。
- **append-to-file 無標**:無冪等標(`<!-- start:id -->` / `<!-- end:id -->`)→重裝複內容。必包所附內容。
- **偵偽陽**:泛目名(如 `.config/`)或合多框。用目中專檔標。
- **忘 `supports()` 察**:裝器呼 `supports(item.type)` 前派。`contentTypes` 誤→配器默略項。
## 參
- `scaffold-cli-command` — 建用此插之命
- `test-cli-application` — 命工試模含配器試
- `design-cli-output` — 裝/卸結之端出
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