Multi Agent Workforce Planner

---
name: multi-agent-workforce-planner
description: Designs parallel agent workstreams for large feature sets by analyzing dependencies, assigning specialized agent types (Explore, Plan, Bash, Edit), maximizing parallelization, and creating execution plans with progress tracking and failure recovery. Use when breaking down large features into parallel agent work.
license: MIT
complexity: advanced
time_to_learn: 1hour
prerequisites: [product-requirements-designer]
tags: [multi-agent, parallel, planning, workstream, task-decomposition]
governance_phases: [shape]
organ_affinity: [organ-iv]
triggers: [user-asks-about-parallel-agents, user-asks-about-agent-planning, context:multi-agent]
complements: [agent-swarm-orchestrator, skill-chain-prompts]
---

# Multi-Agent Workforce Planner

Design parallel agent workstreams for large feature implementations by analyzing dependencies, assigning specialized agents, and maximizing parallelization.

## When to Use

- Breaking down large features into parallel work
- Planning multi-file implementations
- Coordinating specialized agent types
- Maximizing development throughput
- Managing complex dependency chains

## Core Framework

```
Feature Spec → Requirements → Dependency Graph → Parallel Streams → Agent Assignment
     ↓              ↓               ↓                  ↓                  ↓
   Input        Breakdown       Identify           Group into        Match to
   Document     into tasks      blockers           workstreams       agent types
```

## Task Granularity

| Level | Description | Typical Scope |
|-------|-------------|---------------|
| Epic | Large feature area | Days to weeks |
| Workstream | Parallelizable track | Hours to days |
| Task | Single work unit | 30min - 2 hours |
| Subtask | Atomic action | 5-30 minutes |

## Agent Type Catalog

| Agent | Specialization | Best For |
|-------|----------------|----------|
| **Explore** | Read-only analysis | Finding files, understanding patterns, codebase research |
| **Plan** | Architecture design | System design, dependency analysis, implementation planning |
| **Bash** | Command execution | Tests, builds, git operations, file system commands |
| **Edit** | File modifications | Implementation, refactoring, code changes |

### Agent Selection Rules

```
Need to understand code? → Explore
Need to design solution? → Plan
Need to run commands?   → Bash
Need to modify files?   → Edit
```

## Planning Process

### Step 1: Decompose Requirements

Break the feature into discrete tasks:

```yaml
feature: "User Authentication System"
tasks:
  - id: T1
    name: "Research existing auth patterns"
    type: research
    agent: Explore

  - id: T2
    name: "Design auth architecture"
    type: design
    agent: Plan
    depends_on: [T1]

  - id: T3
    name: "Implement User model"
    type: implementation
    agent: Edit
    depends_on: [T2]

  - id: T4
    name: "Implement auth middleware"
    type: implementation
    agent: Edit
    depends_on: [T2]

  - id: T5
    name: "Write auth tests"
    type: testing
    agent: Edit
    depends_on: [T3, T4]

  - id: T6
    name: "Run test suite"
    type: verification
    agent: Bash
    depends_on: [T5]
```

### Step 2: Build Dependency Graph

```mermaid
graph TD
    T1[Research patterns] --> T2[Design architecture]
    T2 --> T3[Implement User model]
    T2 --> T4[Implement middleware]
    T3 --> T5[Write tests]
    T4 --> T5
    T5 --> T6[Run tests]
```

### Step 3: Identify Parallel Opportunities

Tasks without dependencies between them can run in parallel:

```
Phase 1: T1 (solo - must complete first)
Phase 2: T2 (solo - design phase)
Phase 3: T3, T4 (parallel - independent implementations)
Phase 4: T5 (solo - needs both implementations)
Phase 5: T6 (solo - verification)
```

### Step 4: Create Workstreams

Group related tasks into workstreams:

```yaml
workstreams:
  - name: "Core Auth"
    tasks: [T3, part of T5]
    owner: agent-1

  - name: "Middleware"
    tasks: [T4, part of T5]
    owner: agent-2
```

## Parallelization Strategies

### Horizontal Parallelization

Multiple independent features simultaneously:

```
Feature A ─────────────────────>
Feature B ─────────────────────>
Feature C ─────────────────────>
```

### Vertical Parallelization

Different layers of same feature:

```
Frontend  ─────────────>
Backend   ─────────────>
Database  ─────────────>
Tests     ─────────────>
```

### Interface-First Parallelization

Define contracts, implement in parallel:

```
1. Define interfaces/types (blocking)
2. Implement producer and consumer in parallel
```

```yaml
phase1:
  - task: "Define API contract"
    agent: Plan
    blocking: true

phase2_parallel:
  - task: "Implement API server"
    agent: Edit
  - task: "Implement API client"
    agent: Edit
```

### Speculative Parallelization

Start likely-needed work early:

```yaml
main_path:
  - task: "Implement feature"
    agent: Edit

speculative:
  - task: "Prepare test fixtures"
    agent: Edit
    confidence: high  # Will definitely be needed
  - task: "Draft documentation"
    agent: Edit
    confidence: medium  # Might need revision
```

## Progress Tracking

### Status Format

```
Workstream A: [████████░░] 80% (8/10 tasks)
  └─ Blocked: Waiting on API contract from B

Workstream B: [██████████] 100% ✓

Workstream C: [████░░░░░░] 40%
  └─ At Risk: Task 7 failed twice
```

### Task States

| State | Symbol | Meaning |
|-------|--------|---------|
| Pending | ○ | Not started |
| In Progress | ◐ | Currently executing |
| Completed | ● | Successfully finished |
| Blocked | ⊘ | Waiting on dependency |
| Failed | ✗ | Needs intervention |
| Skipped | ⊖ | Intentionally skipped |

### Progress Table

```markdown
| Task | Agent | Status | Blocked By | Notes |
|------|-------|--------|------------|-------|
| T1   | Explore | ● | - | Completed |
| T2   | Plan    | ● | - | Completed |
| T3   | Edit    | ◐ | - | In progress |
| T4   | Edit    | ◐ | - | In progress |
| T5   | Edit    | ○ | T3, T4 | Waiting |
| T6   | Bash    | ○ | T5 | Waiting |
```

## Failure Recovery

### Retry Strategy

```yaml
retry_policy:
  max_attempts: 3
  backoff: exponential
  base_delay: 30s

on_failure:
  - log_error
  - notify_supervisor
  - attempt_recovery
  - escalate_if_exhausted
```

### Recovery Patterns

1. **Retry**: Same agent, same task
2. **Reassign**: Different agent, same task
3. **Decompose**: Break task into smaller subtasks
4. **Skip**: Mark as skipped, continue with downstream
5. **Escalate**: Human intervention required

### Checkpoint Strategy

```yaml
checkpoints:
  - after: phase1
    save: ["contracts", "interfaces"]

  - after: phase2
    save: ["implementations"]
    validate: ["types_match", "tests_pass"]
```

## Workstream Template

```yaml
workstream:
  name: "Feature Name"
  id: WS-001
  owner: agent-type

  objectives:
    - "Primary goal"
    - "Secondary goal"

  tasks:
    - id: T1
      name: "Task description"
      agent: Explore
      estimated: 15min

    - id: T2
      name: "Next task"
      agent: Edit
      depends_on: [T1]
      estimated: 30min

  success_criteria:
    - "All tests pass"
    - "No type errors"

  risks:
    - risk: "Complex integration"
      mitigation: "Early interface definition"
```

## Example: Full Feature Breakdown

### Feature: Add User Profile Editing

```yaml
epic:
  name: "User Profile Editing"

workstreams:
  - name: "Backend API"
    tasks:
      - {id: B1, name: "Research current user model", agent: Explore}
      - {id: B2, name: "Design profile update endpoint", agent: Plan, depends_on: [B1]}
      - {id: B3, name: "Implement PUT /users/:id/profile", agent: Edit, depends_on: [B2]}
      - {id: B4, name: "Add validation middleware", agent: Edit, depends_on: [B2]}
      - {id: B5, name: "Write API tests", agent: Edit, depends_on: [B3, B4]}

  - name: "Frontend UI"
    tasks:
      - {id: F1, name: "Research existing form patterns", agent: Explore}
      - {id: F2, name: "Design ProfileEdit component", agent: Plan, depends_on: [F1]}
      - {id: F3, name: "Implement form component", agent: Edit, depends_on: [F2]}
      - {id: F4, name: "Add form validation", agent: Edit, depends_on: [F3]}
      - {id: F5, name: "Write component tests", agent: Edit, depends_on: [F4]}

  - name: "Integration"
    tasks:
      - {id: I1, name: "Connect frontend to API", agent: Edit, depends_on: [B3, F3]}
      - {id: I2, name: "Write E2E tests", agent: Edit, depends_on: [I1]}
      - {id: I3, name: "Run full test suite", agent: Bash, depends_on: [B5, F5, I2]}

parallel_execution:
  phase1: [B1, F1]  # Research in parallel
  phase2: [B2, F2]  # Design in parallel
  phase3: [B3, B4, F3]  # Implementation
  phase4: [F4, B5]  # Validation + tests
  phase5: [F5, I1]  # More tests + integration
  phase6: [I2]
  phase7: [I3]
```

## References

- `references/dependency-analysis.md` — Identifying task dependencies
- `references/parallelization-strategies.md` — Maximizing parallel work
- `references/agent-type-catalog.md` — Agent capabilities reference
- `references/failure-recovery-patterns.md` — Handling failures
- `references/workflow-integration.md` — Ecosystem integration

## Related Skills

- **product-requirements-designer**: For creating feature specifications
- **verification-loop**: For validating completed work
- **deployment-cicd**: For deployment after implementation