Generating Test Doubles

---
name: generating-test-doubles
description: 'Generate mocks, stubs, spies, and fakes for dependency isolation.

  Use when creating mocks, stubs, or test isolation fixtures.

  Trigger with phrases like "generate mocks", "create test doubles", or "setup stubs".

  '
allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Grep, Glob, Bash(test:doubles-*)
version: 1.22.0
author: Jeremy Longshore <jeremy@intentsolutions.io>
license: MIT
tags:
- testing
- test-doubles
compatibility: Designed for Claude Code
---
# Test Doubles Generator

## Overview

Generate mocks, stubs, spies, and fakes to isolate units under test from external dependencies. Supports Jest mocks, Sinon.js stubs, Python unittest.mock, Go interfaces, and testdouble.js patterns.

## Prerequisites

- Testing framework installed (Jest, Vitest, Mocha, pytest, JUnit 5, or Go testing)
- Mocking library available (Sinon.js, testdouble.js, unittest.mock, Mockito, or gomock)
- TypeScript `strict` mode enabled for type-safe mocks (if applicable)
- Source code with clear interface or class boundaries for dependency injection

## Instructions

1. Scan the codebase with Glob and Grep to identify modules with external dependencies (database clients, HTTP clients, file system access, third-party SDKs).
2. Read each module under test and catalog its dependency interfaces -- list every method signature, return type, and side effect.
3. Determine the appropriate test double type for each dependency:
   - **Stub**: Returns canned data, no behavior verification (use for database queries returning fixed datasets).
   - **Mock**: Verifies interactions -- call count, argument matching, call order (use for email senders, event emitters).
   - **Spy**: Wraps real implementation while recording calls (use when partial behavior is needed).
   - **Fake**: Lightweight working implementation (use for in-memory repositories replacing real databases).
4. Generate test double files following the project's existing test directory structure (e.g., `__mocks__/`, `test/doubles/`, `testutil/`).
5. For each test double, implement:
   - Factory function or class matching the dependency interface exactly.
   - Configurable return values via builder pattern or method chaining.
   - Call recording for assertion (arguments, call count, call order).
   - Reset/restore mechanism for cleanup between tests.
6. Wire test doubles into existing test files using the framework's dependency injection pattern (`jest.mock()`, `@patch`, constructor injection, or Go interface substitution).
7. Validate all test doubles compile and pass type checks by running `tsc --noEmit` or equivalent.

## Output

- Test double source files (one per dependency) placed in the project's mock directory
- Factory functions with TypeScript generics or equivalent type safety
- Jest `__mocks__` auto-mock modules where applicable
- Updated test files wired to use generated doubles instead of real dependencies
- Summary listing each double, its type (mock/stub/spy/fake), and the interface it replaces

## Error Handling

| Error | Cause | Solution |
|-------|-------|---------|
| `TypeError: X is not a function` | Mock missing a method from the real interface | Regenerate the double from the current interface definition; add the missing method |
| Mock leaking between tests | Shared mock state not reset in `afterEach` | Add `jest.restoreAllMocks()` or `sinon.restore()` in teardown hooks |
| Type mismatch on mock return value | Return type does not match interface contract | Use `as ReturnType<typeof fn>` or update the mock factory to return the correct type |
| Spy not recording calls | Spy created after the function was already bound | Create spies before the module under test imports the dependency |
| Over-mocking hides real bugs | Too many layers replaced with fakes | Limit mocks to true external boundaries (I/O, network); let pure logic run unmocked |

## Examples

**Jest mock factory for a UserRepository:**

```typescript
// __mocks__/userRepository.ts
export const createMockUserRepo = () => ({
  findById: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ id: '1', name: 'Test User' }),
  save: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
  delete: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(true),
});
```

**Python unittest.mock patch for an HTTP client:**

```python
from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock

@patch('myapp.client.requests.get')
def test_fetch_data(mock_get):
    mock_get.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=200, json=lambda: {"key": "value"})  # HTTP 200 OK
    result = fetch_data("https://api.example.com/data")
    assert result == {"key": "value"}
    mock_get.assert_called_once()
```

**Go interface-based fake:**

```go
type FakeStore struct {
    data map[string]string
}
func (f *FakeStore) Get(key string) (string, error) {
    v, ok := f.data[key]
    if !ok { return "", ErrNotFound }
    return v, nil
}
```

## Resources

- Jest Manual Mocks: https://jestjs.io/docs/manual-mocks
- Sinon.js Stubs, Mocks, Spies: https://sinonjs.org/
- Python unittest.mock: https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.mock.html
- Mockito (Java): https://site.mockito.org/
- gomock (Go): https://github.com/uber-go/mock
- Martin Fowler, "Mocks Aren't Stubs": https://martinfowler.com/articles/mocksArentStubs.html