将测试文件从 `as` 类型断言迁移到 @total-typescript/shoehorn。当用户提到 shoehorn、想要在测试中替换 `as`、或需要部分测试数据时使用。
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---
name: migrate-to-shoehorn
description: 将测试文件从 `as` 类型断言迁移到 @total-typescript/shoehorn。当用户提到 shoehorn、想要在测试中替换 `as`、或需要部分测试数据时使用。
---
# 迁移到 Shoehorn
## 为什么使用 shoehorn?
`shoehorn` 让你在测试中传递部分数据,同时保持 TypeScript 类型正确。它用类型安全的替代方案取代了 `as` 断言。
**仅限测试代码。** 切勿在生产代码中使用 shoehorn。
`as` 在测试中的问题:
- 习惯上被训练不要使用它
- 必须手动指定目标类型
- 双重 `as`(`as unknown as Type`)用于传递故意错误的数据
## 安装
```bash
npm i @total-typescript/shoehorn
```
## 迁移模式
### 大型对象,只用到少数属性
迁移前:
```ts
type Request = {
body: { id: string };
headers: Record<string, string>;
cookies: Record<string, string>;
// ...还有 20 个属性
};
it("gets user by id", () => {
// 只关心 body.id,但必须伪造整个 Request
getUser({
body: { id: "123" },
headers: {},
cookies: {},
// ...伪造所有 20 个属性
});
});
```
迁移后:
```ts
import { fromPartial } from "@total-typescript/shoehorn";
it("gets user by id", () => {
getUser(
fromPartial({
body: { id: "123" },
}),
);
});
```
### `as Type` → `fromPartial()`
迁移前:
```ts
getUser({ body: { id: "123" } } as Request);
```
迁移后:
```ts
import { fromPartial } from "@total-typescript/shoehorn";
getUser(fromPartial({ body: { id: "123" } }));
```
### `as unknown as Type` → `fromAny()`
迁移前:
```ts
getUser({ body: { id: 123 } } as unknown as Request); // 故意传错类型
```
迁移后:
```ts
import { fromAny } from "@total-typescript/shoehorn";
getUser(fromAny({ body: { id: 123 } }));
```
## 各函数的适用场景
| 函数 | 使用场景 |
| --------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| `fromPartial()` | 传递部分数据,仍能通过类型检查 |
| `fromAny()` | 传递故意错误的数据(保留自动补全) |
| `fromExact()` | 强制传入完整对象(后续可替换为 fromPartial) |
## 工作流程
1. **收集需求** — 询问用户:
- 哪些测试文件中的 `as` 断言造成了问题?
- 是否涉及大型对象,只有部分属性是重要的?
- 是否需要传递故意错误的数据用于错误测试?
2. **安装并迁移**:
- [ ] 安装:`npm i @total-typescript/shoehorn`
- [ ] 查找含有 `as` 断言的测试文件:`grep -r " as [A-Z]" --include="*.test.ts" --include="*.spec.ts"`
- [ ] 将 `as Type` 替换为 `fromPartial()`
- [ ] 将 `as unknown as Type` 替换为 `fromAny()`
- [ ] 从 `@total-typescript/shoehorn` 添加 import
- [ ] 运行类型检查以验证
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