Shopify Admin Bulk Fulfillment Creation

---
name: shopify-admin-bulk-fulfillment-creation
role: fulfillment-ops
description: "Batch-fulfill open fulfillment orders with tracking numbers. Supports partial fulfillment and customer notification toggle."
toolkit: shopify-admin, shopify-admin-execution
api_version: "2025-01"
graphql_operations:
  - fulfillmentOrders:query
  - fulfillmentCreate:mutation
status: stable
compatibility: Claude Code, Cursor, Codex, Gemini CLI
---

## Purpose
Queries all open fulfillment orders for a location and batch-creates fulfillments with tracking numbers in a single workflow. No third-party app required — this skill handles the fulfillment creation layer; carrier label generation requires a separate tool or carrier integration.

## Prerequisites
- Authenticated Shopify CLI session: `shopify store auth --store <domain> --scopes read_orders,write_fulfillments`
- API scopes: `read_orders`, `write_fulfillments`

## Parameters

| Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Description |
|-----------|------|----------|---------|-------------|
| store | string | yes | — | Store domain (e.g., mystore.myshopify.com) |
| location_id | string | yes | — | GID of the fulfillment location (e.g., gid://shopify/Location/123) |
| tracking_numbers | array | no | [] | List of `{fulfillment_order_id, tracking_number, tracking_url, carrier}` objects |
| notify_customer | bool | no | true | Send shipping confirmation email to customer |
| dry_run | bool | no | true | Preview fulfillments without executing mutations |
| format | string | no | human | Output format: `human` or `json` |

## Safety

> ⚠️ `fulfillmentCreate` is irreversible — fulfilled orders cannot be unfulfilled via the API. Run with `dry_run: true` first to confirm the list of fulfillment orders before committing. Each mutation creates one fulfillment record per fulfillment order.

## Workflow Steps

1. **OPERATION:** `fulfillmentOrders` — query
   **Inputs:** `assignedLocationId: <location_id>`, `status: OPEN`, `first: 250`, pagination cursor
   **Expected output:** List of open fulfillment orders with `id`, `order { name }`, `lineItems`; paginate until `hasNextPage: false`

2. **OPERATION:** `fulfillmentCreate` — mutation
   **Inputs:** For each fulfillment order: `fulfillmentOrderId`, `trackingInfo { company, number, url }`, `notifyCustomer`
   **Expected output:** `fulfillment { id, status, trackingInfo }`, `userErrors`

## GraphQL Operations

```graphql
# fulfillmentOrders:query — validated against api_version 2025-01
query OpenFulfillmentOrders($locationId: ID!, $after: String) {
  fulfillmentOrders(
    assignedLocationId: $locationId
    first: 250
    after: $after
    query: "status:open"
  ) {
    edges {
      node {
        id
        status
        order {
          id
          name
        }
        lineItems(first: 10) {
          edges {
            node {
              id
              remainingQuantity
              variant {
                sku
                title
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    pageInfo {
      hasNextPage
      endCursor
    }
  }
}
```

```graphql
# fulfillmentCreate:mutation — validated against api_version 2025-01
mutation FulfillmentCreate($fulfillment: FulfillmentInput!) {
  fulfillmentCreate(fulfillment: $fulfillment) {
    fulfillment {
      id
      status
      trackingInfo {
        company
        number
        url
      }
    }
    userErrors {
      field
      message
    }
  }
}
```

## Session Tracking

**Claude MUST emit the following output at each stage. This is mandatory.**

**On start**, emit:
```
╔══════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║  SKILL: Bulk Fulfillment Creation            ║
║  Store: <store domain>                       ║
║  Started: <YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM UTC>             ║
╚══════════════════════════════════════════════╝
```

**After each step**, emit:
```
[N/TOTAL] <QUERY|MUTATION>  <OperationName>
          → Params: <brief summary of key inputs>
          → Result: <count or outcome>
```

If `dry_run: true`, prefix every mutation step with `[DRY RUN]` and do not execute it.

**On completion**, emit:

For `format: human` (default):
```
══════════════════════════════════════════════
OUTCOME SUMMARY
  Open fulfillment orders found: <n>
  Fulfillments created:          <n>
  Customer notifications sent:   <n>
  Errors:                        <n>
  Output:                        fulfillment_batch_<date>.csv
══════════════════════════════════════════════
```

For `format: json`, emit:
```json
{
  "skill": "bulk-fulfillment-creation",
  "store": "<domain>",
  "started_at": "<ISO8601>",
  "completed_at": "<ISO8601>",
  "dry_run": true,
  "steps": [
    { "step": 1, "operation": "OpenFulfillmentOrders", "type": "query", "params_summary": "location <id>, status open", "result_summary": "<n> orders", "skipped": false },
    { "step": 2, "operation": "FulfillmentCreate", "type": "mutation", "params_summary": "<n> fulfillments", "result_summary": "<n> created", "skipped": false }
  ],
  "outcome": {
    "orders_found": 0,
    "fulfillments_created": 0,
    "notifications_sent": 0,
    "errors": 0,
    "output_file": "fulfillment_batch_<date>.csv"
  }
}
```

## Output Format
CSV file `fulfillment_batch_<YYYY-MM-DD>.csv` with columns:
`order_name`, `fulfillment_order_id`, `fulfillment_id`, `tracking_number`, `carrier`, `notify_customer`, `status`

## Error Handling
| Error | Cause | Recovery |
|-------|-------|----------|
| `THROTTLED` | API rate limit exceeded | Wait 2 seconds, retry up to 3 times |
| `userErrors` on fulfillmentCreate | Already fulfilled or invalid tracking | Log error, skip order, continue |
| `FULFILLMENT_ORDER_LINE_ITEM_QUANTITY_MISMATCH` | Partial fulfillment quantity mismatch | Log warning, attempt partial fulfillment |
| No open orders at location | Location has no pending work | Exit with summary: 0 orders found |

## Best Practices
- Always run with `dry_run: true` first — fulfillments cannot be undone via the Admin API.
- Pass `notify_customer: false` during batch testing or for B2B orders where customers do not expect individual shipment emails.
- Provide tracking numbers in the `tracking_numbers` parameter before running; unfulfilled orders without tracking will still create fulfillments — confirm this is intentional.
- For large batches (100+ orders), the mutation loop will hit rate limits — the skill retries automatically with a 2-second back-off.