Auth Web

---
name: auth-web-cloudbase
description: CloudBase Web Authentication Quick Guide for frontend integration after auth-tool has already been checked. Provides concise and practical Web authentication solutions with multiple login methods and complete user management.
version: 2.20.1
alwaysApply: false
---

## Standalone Install Note

If this environment only installed the current skill, start from the CloudBase main entry and use the published `cloudbase/references/...` paths for sibling skills.

- CloudBase main entry: `https://cnb.cool/tencent/cloud/cloudbase/cloudbase-skills/-/git/raw/main/skills/cloudbase/SKILL.md`
- Current skill raw source: `https://cnb.cool/tencent/cloud/cloudbase/cloudbase-skills/-/git/raw/main/skills/cloudbase/references/auth-web/SKILL.md`

Keep local `references/...` paths for files that ship with the current skill directory. When this file points to a sibling skill such as `auth-tool` or `web-development`, use the standalone fallback URL shown next to that reference.

## Activation Contract

### Use this first when

- The task is a CloudBase Web login, registration, session, or user profile flow built with `@cloudbase/js-sdk` and the auth provider setup has already been checked.

### Read before writing code if

- The user needs a login page, auth modal, session handling, or protected Web route. Read `auth-tool` first to ensure providers are enabled, then return here for frontend integration.

### Then also read

- `../auth-tool/SKILL.md` (standalone fallback: `https://cnb.cool/tencent/cloud/cloudbase/cloudbase-skills/-/git/raw/main/skills/cloudbase/references/auth-tool/SKILL.md`) for provider setup
- `../web-development/SKILL.md` (standalone fallback: `https://cnb.cool/tencent/cloud/cloudbase/cloudbase-skills/-/git/raw/main/skills/cloudbase/references/web-development/SKILL.md`) for Web project structure and deployment

### Do not start here first when

- The request is a Web auth flow but provider configuration has not been verified yet.
- In that case, activate `auth-tool-cloudbase` before `auth-web-cloudbase`.

### Do NOT use for

- Mini program auth, native App auth, or server-side auth setup.

### Common mistakes / gotchas

- Skipping publishable key and provider checks.
- Replacing built-in Web auth with cloud function login logic.
- Reusing this flow in Flutter, React Native, or native iOS/Android code.
- Creating a detached helper file with `auth.signUp` / `verifyOtp` but never wiring it into the existing form handlers, so the actual button clicks still do nothing.
- Using `signInWithEmailAndPassword` or `signUpWithEmailAndPassword` for username-style accounts such as `admin` and `editor`.
- Keeping the login or register account input as `type="email"` when the task explicitly says the account identifier is a plain username string.
- Starting implementation before calling `queryAppAuth(action="getLoginConfig")` and enabling `usernamePassword` when it is still off.
- **Treating `auth.getUser()` or deprecated `auth.getLoginState()` as proof of real login.** When the SDK is initialized with `accessKey`, the deprecated `getLoginState()` returns an object with a valid `uid` even without any login — causing route guards that check `!!loginState` or `!!uid` to incorrectly pass. The fix is to use `auth.getSession()` instead: it returns `data.session === undefined` when no real login has occurred. Only `!!data.session` from `getSession()` is a reliable authentication check.
  
  Note: anonymous login is now **disabled by default** for new environments and inactive existing environments. Always use `auth.getSession()` for auth guards.

## Overview

**Prerequisites**: CloudBase environment ID (`env`)
**Prerequisites**: CloudBase environment Region (`region`)

---

## Core Capabilities

**Use Case**: Web frontend projects using `@cloudbase/js-sdk@2.24.0+` for user authentication  
**Key Benefits**: **Supabase-compatible Auth API** — all methods return `{ data, error }`, supports phone, email, anonymous (disabled by default), username/password, OAuth, and third-party login methods

> 📌 **Supabase API Compatibility**: CloudBase Web SDK v2 auth module is designed with Supabase-like API ergonomics. If you are familiar with `supabase-js` auth patterns, the same mental model applies:
> - All methods return `Promise<{ data, error }>` — always check `error` first
> - `signInWithPassword`, `signInWithOtp`, `signUp`, `signOut`, `getSession`, `getUser` follow the same naming as Supabase
> - `onAuthStateChange(callback)` provides reactive auth state observation (events: `INITIAL_SESSION`, `SIGNED_IN`, `SIGNED_OUT`, `TOKEN_REFRESHED`, `USER_UPDATED`, `PASSWORD_RECOVERY`, `BIND_IDENTITY`)
> - Session management via `getSession()` / `refreshSession()` / `setSession()` mirrors Supabase patterns
> 
> **Key differences from Supabase**:
> - **OTP verification**: Supabase uses a standalone `auth.verifyOtp({ phone, token, type })` call; CloudBase returns `verifyOtp` as a callback on `data` — call `data.verifyOtp({ token })` from the `signInWithOtp` / `signUp` result
> - **`accessKey`** replaces Supabase's `anonKey`; environment uses `env` + `region` instead of Supabase's `url`
> - **`signInWithIdToken`** for direct third-party token login (similar to Supabase's same-named method)

Use npm installation for modern Web projects. In React, Vue, Vite, and other bundler-based apps, install and import `@cloudbase/js-sdk` from the project dependencies instead of using a CDN script.

## Prerequisites

- Automatically use `auth-tool-cloudbase` to check app-side auth readiness via `queryAppAuth` / `manageAppAuth`, then get the `publishable key` and configure login methods.
- If `auth-tool-cloudbase` failed, let user go to `https://tcb.cloud.tencent.com/dev?envId={env}#/env/apikey` to get `publishable key` and `https://tcb.cloud.tencent.com/dev?envId={env}#/identity/login-manage` to set up login methods

### Parameter map

- For username-style identifiers, the required precondition is `loginMethods.usernamePassword === true` from `queryAppAuth(action="getLoginConfig")`. If it is false, enable it with `manageAppAuth(action="patchLoginStrategy", patch={ usernamePassword: true })` before wiring frontend auth code.
- If the conversation only provides an environment alias, nickname, or other shorthand, resolve it with `envQuery(action="list", alias=..., aliasExact=true)` first and use the returned canonical full `EnvId` for SDK init, console links, and generated config. Do not pass alias-like short forms directly into `cloudbase.init({ env })`.
- Treat CloudBase Web Auth as **Supabase-like**, not “every `supabase-js` auth example is valid unchanged”
- When `queryAppAuth` / `manageAppAuth` returns `sdkStyle: "supabase-like"` and `sdkHints`, follow those method and parameter hints first
- `auth.signInWithOtp({ phone })` and `auth.signUp({ phone })` use the phone number in a `phone` field, not `phone_number`
- `auth.signInWithOtp({ email })` and `auth.signUp({ email })` use `email`
- `auth.signUp({ username, password })` and `auth.signInWithPassword({ username, password })` are the canonical username/password Web auth path
- If the task gives accounts like `admin`, `editor`, or another plain string without `@`, treat it as a username-style identifier rather than an email address
- `verifyOtp({ token })` expects the SMS or email code in `token`
- `accessKey` is the publishable key from `queryAppAuth` / `manageAppAuth` via `auth-tool-cloudbase`, not a secret key
- **`accessKey` triggers automatic anonymous session creation** — the deprecated `auth.getLoginState()` returns an object with a valid `uid` even without explicit login, which misleads route guards into thinking the user is authenticated. Use `auth.getSession()` instead — it returns `data.session === undefined` when no real login has occurred, making auth checks straightforward and reliable.
- Never set `accessKey` to `envId`, a username, or any placeholder string. If you do not have a real Publishable Key yet, do not fabricate one.
- If the task mentions provider setup, stop and read `auth-tool-cloudbase` before writing frontend code

## Quick Start

```js
// npm install @cloudbase/js-sdk
import cloudbase from '@cloudbase/js-sdk'

const app = cloudbase.init({
  env: 'your-full-env-id', // Canonical full CloudBase environment ID resolved from envQuery or the console, not an alias or shorthand
  region: `region`,  // CloudBase environment Region, default 'ap-shanghai'
  accessKey: 'publishable key', // required, get from auth-tool-cloudbase
  // ⚠️ With accessKey, the deprecated getLoginState() returns misleading auth data (uid)
  // even without login. Always use auth.getSession() — returns undefined when not logged in.
  auth: { detectSessionInUrl: true }, // required
})

const auth = app.auth({ persistence: 'local' })
```

If the current task has not retrieved a real Publishable Key, omit `accessKey` instead of inventing one. A wrong `accessKey` can break auth-state checks and protected-route behavior.

---

## Login Methods

**1. Phone OTP (Recommended)**
- Automatically use `auth-tool-cloudbase` to turn on `SMS Login` through `manageAppAuth`
- Send the phone number to `auth.signInWithOtp({ phone, ... })`, then call the returned `verifyOtp({ token })`.
- `signInWithOtp` can automatically create a new user if the user does not exist; control this via `shouldCreateUser` parameter (default `true`).
```js
const { data, error } = await auth.signInWithOtp({ phone: '13800138000' })
const { data: loginData, error: loginError } = await data.verifyOtp({ token: '123456' })
```

**2. Email OTP**
- Automatically use `auth-tool-cloudbase` to turn on `Email Login` through `manageAppAuth`
```js
const { data, error } = await auth.signInWithOtp({ email: 'user@example.com' })
const { data: loginData, error: loginError } = await data.verifyOtp({ token: '654321' })
```

**3. Password**

All auth methods return `{ data, error }`. Always check `error` first:
```js
// Login — returns { data: { user, session }, error: null } on success
const { data, error } = await auth.signInWithPassword({ username: 'test_user', password: 'pass123' })
if (error) {
  // Handle login failure (wrong password, user not found, provider not enabled)
  console.error('Login failed:', error.message)
  return false
}
// data.user.id is the uid; data.session contains the active session
const uid = data.user.id

// Also works with email or phone:
// await auth.signInWithPassword({ email: 'user@example.com', password: 'pass123' })
// await auth.signInWithPassword({ phone: '13800138000', password: 'pass123' })
```

**Checking login state (for route guards / auth checks):**
```js
// Use auth.getSession() — NOT the deprecated getLoginState().
//
// Why: getLoginState() returns an object with uid even when only accessKey is
// present (no real login), causing route guards to incorrectly pass anonymous users.
// getSession() returns data.session === undefined when no real login exists,
// making the check reliable and simple.
const { data, error } = await auth.getSession()

if (!data?.session) {
  // No real login — redirect to sign-in page
  window.location.href = '/login'
  return
}

// Also reject anonymous sessions (when signInAnonymously() was called explicitly)
if (data.session.user?.is_anonymous) {
  // Anonymous user — not allowed for protected routes
  window.location.href = '/login'
  return
}

// data.session contains: access_token, refresh_token, expires_in, user
// data.session.user contains the authenticated user info
const currentUser = data.session.user

// Optional: further verify identity type if needed
const { data: userData } = await auth.getUser()
const hasVerifiedIdentity = userData?.user && (
  userData.user.phone_confirmed_at ||
  userData.user.email_confirmed_at ||
  userData.user.user_metadata?.username
)

// ❌ Do NOT use auth.getLoginState() — it's deprecated and returns
//    misleading data (uid/loginState) even without real login
// ❌ Do NOT use !!loginState or !!loginState.uid as auth checks
```

**4. Registration**
- For username-style account systems, use username/password registration directly
- Username must be 5-24 characters (letters, digits, underscores)
- Do not switch to email OTP or phone OTP unless the task explicitly says the account identifier is an email address or phone number
- When the task uses plain usernames such as `admin`, `editor`, or `user01`, the canonical form code is `auth.signUp({ username, password })`
```js
// Username + Password
const usernameSignUp = await auth.signUp({
  username: 'newuser',
  password: 'pass123',
  nickname: 'User',
})

// Email Otp
// Use only when the task explicitly requires email addresses.
// Email Otp
const emailSignUp = await auth.signUp({ email: 'new@example.com', nickname: 'User' })
const emailVerifyResult = await emailSignUp.data.verifyOtp({ token: '123456' })

// Phone Otp
// Use only when the task explicitly requires phone numbers.
// Phone Otp
const phoneSignUp = await auth.signUp({ phone: '13800138000', password: 'pass123', nickname: 'User' })
const phoneVerifyResult = await phoneSignUp.data.verifyOtp({ token: '123456' })
```

When the project already has `handleSendCode` / `handleRegister` or similar UI handlers, wire the SDK calls there directly instead of leaving them commented out in `App.tsx`.

For username-style account tasks:

```tsx
const handleRegister = async () => {
  const { error } = await auth.signUp({
    username,
    password,
    nickname: username,
  })
  if (error) throw error
}

const handleLogin = async () => {
  const { data, error } = await auth.signInWithPassword({
    username,
    password,
  })
  if (error) throw error
  // Login succeeded — data.user.id is the uid
  return true
}
```

Do not use email OTP or email-only helpers for these flows unless the task explicitly says the account identifier is an email address. The corresponding form field should stay `type="text"` rather than `type="email"` for username-style account identifiers.

```tsx
const handleSendCode = async () => {
  try {
    const { data, error } = await auth.signUp({
      phone,
      password: password || undefined,
    })
    if (error) throw error
    verifyOtpRef.current = data.verifyOtp
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Failed to send sign-up code', error)
  }
}

const handleRegister = async () => {
  try {
    if (!verifyOtpRef.current) throw new Error('Please send the code first')

    const { error } = await verifyOtpRef.current({ token: code })
    if (error) throw error
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Failed to complete sign-up', error)
  }
}
```

**5. Anonymous**

> ⚠️ **Anonymous login is disabled by default for new environments.** The SDK initialized with `accessKey` will automatically create an anonymous session regardless of this setting. Do not rely on `signInAnonymously()` for production flows — use verified login methods instead.

- Only use when explicitly required for read-only demos
- Automatically use `auth-tool-cloudbase` to turn on `Anonymous Login` through `manageAppAuth` (must be explicitly enabled first)
```js
// Anonymous login is disabled by default — must be explicitly enabled via auth-tool
const { data, error } = await auth.signInAnonymously()
```

**6. OAuth (Google/WeChat)**
- Automatically use `auth-tool-cloudbase` to turn on `Google Login` or `WeChat Login` through `manageAppAuth`
```js
const { data, error } = await auth.signInWithOAuth({ provider: 'google' })
window.location.href = data.url // Auto-complete after callback
```

**7. Custom Ticket**
```js
await auth.signInWithCustomTicket(async () => {
  const res = await fetch('/api/ticket')
  return (await res.json()).ticket
})
```

**8. ID Token (Third-party token validation)**
```js
// Direct login with a third-party JWT/OAuth token (e.g. from native SDK)
const { data, error } = await auth.signInWithIdToken({
  provider: 'wechat', // or 'google', 'github', etc.
  token: '<jwt-or-oauth-token>',
})
```

**9. Upgrade Anonymous**
```js
const sessionResult = await auth.getSession()
const upgradeResult = await auth.signUp({
  phone: '13800000000',
  anonymous_token: sessionResult.data.session.access_token,
})
await upgradeResult.data.verifyOtp({ token: '123456' })
```

---

## User Management

```js
// Sign out
const signOutResult = await auth.signOut()

// Get user
const userResult = await auth.getUser()
console.log(
  userResult.data.user.email,
  userResult.data.user.phone,
  userResult.data.user.user_metadata?.nickName,
)

// Update user (except email, phone)
const updateProfileResult = await auth.updateUser({
  nickname: 'New Name',
  gender: 'MALE',
  avatar_url: 'url',
})

// Update user (email or phone)
const updateEmailResult = await auth.updateUser({ email: 'new@example.com' })
const verifyEmailResult = await updateEmailResult.data.verifyOtp({
  email: 'new@example.com',
  token: '123456',
})

// Change password (logged in)
const resetPasswordResult = await auth.resetPasswordForOld({
  old_password: 'old',
  new_password: 'new',
})

// Reset password (forgot)
const reauthResult = await auth.reauthenticate()
const forgotPasswordResult = await reauthResult.data.updateUser({
  nonce: '123456',
  password: 'new',
})

// Link third-party
const linkIdentityResult = await auth.linkIdentity({ provider: 'google' })

// View/Unlink identities
const identitiesResult = await auth.getUserIdentities()
const unlinkIdentityResult = await auth.unlinkIdentity({
  provider: identitiesResult.data.identities[0].id,
})

// Delete account
const deleteMeResult = await auth.deleteMe({ password: 'current' })

// Listen to state changes
const authStateSubscription = auth.onAuthStateChange((event, session, info) => {
  // INITIAL_SESSION, SIGNED_IN, SIGNED_OUT, TOKEN_REFRESHED, USER_UPDATED, PASSWORD_RECOVERY, BIND_IDENTITY
})

// Get access token
const sessionResult = await auth.getSession()
await fetch('/api/protected', {
  headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${sessionResult.data.session?.access_token}` },
})

// Refresh session (extend token validity)
const refreshResult = await auth.refreshSession() // uses current refresh_token
// or with explicit token: await auth.refreshSession(refresh_token)

// Set session manually (e.g. from external auth flow or SSR hydration)
const setResult = await auth.setSession({ refresh_token: '<token-from-server>' })

// Refresh user (sync latest user data from server)
const refreshUserResult = await auth.refreshUser()
```

---

## User Type

```ts
declare type User = {
  id: any
  aud: string
  role: string[]
  email: any
  email_confirmed_at: string
  phone: any
  phone_confirmed_at: string
  confirmed_at: string
  last_sign_in_at: string
  app_metadata: {
    provider: any
    providers: any[]
  }
  user_metadata: {
    name: any
    picture: any
    username: any
    gender: any
    locale: any
    uid: any
    nickName: any
    avatarUrl: any
    location: any
    hasPassword: any
  }
  identities: any
  created_at: string
  updated_at: string
  is_anonymous: boolean
}
```

---

## Complete Example

```js
class PhoneLoginPage {
  async sendCode() {
    const phone = document.getElementById('phone').value
    if (!/^1[3-9]\d{9}$/.test(phone)) return alert('Invalid phone')

    const { data, error } = await auth.signInWithOtp({ phone })
    if (error) return alert('Send failed: ' + error.message)

    this.verifyOtp = data.verifyOtp
    document.getElementById('codeSection').style.display = 'block'
    this.startCountdown(60)
  }

  async verifyCode() {
    const code = document.getElementById('code').value
    if (!code) return alert('Enter code')
    if (!this.verifyOtp) return alert('Send the code first')

    const { data, error } = await this.verifyOtp({ token: code })
    if (error) return alert('Verification failed: ' + error.message)

    console.log('Login successful:', data.user)
    window.location.href = '/dashboard'
  }

  startCountdown(seconds) {
    let countdown = seconds
    const btn = document.getElementById('resendBtn')
    btn.disabled = true

    const timer = setInterval(() => {
      countdown--
      btn.innerText = `Resend in ${countdown}s`
      if (countdown <= 0) {
        clearInterval(timer)
        btn.disabled = false
        btn.innerText = 'Resend'
      }
    }, 1000)
  }
}
```