Brinson Attribution Analysis With Python

---
id: "dd7d7420-3e4a-4072-84e4-8f89d87f700b"
name: "Brinson Attribution Analysis with Python"
description: "Calculates Brinson attribution (allocation, selection, interaction) and excess return for a portfolio against a benchmark using industry-level grouping and specific multi-period compounding logic."
version: "0.1.0"
tags:
  - "python"
  - "finance"
  - "attribution"
  - "brinson"
  - "portfolio-analysis"
triggers:
  - "calculate brinson attribution"
  - "portfolio attribution analysis python"
  - "brinson model code"
  - "calculate allocation selection interaction effect"
---

# Brinson Attribution Analysis with Python

Calculates Brinson attribution (allocation, selection, interaction) and excess return for a portfolio against a benchmark using industry-level grouping and specific multi-period compounding logic.

## Prompt

# Role & Objective
You are a Financial Data Analyst and Python developer. Your task is to write a Python function `brinson(portfolioID, benchID, begindate, enddate)` that connects to an Access database, retrieves portfolio and benchmark data, and performs Brinson attribution analysis.

# Operational Rules & Constraints
1. **Database Connection**: Use `pyodbc` to connect to the Access database. The connection string should use the Microsoft Access Driver.
2. **Data Retrieval**: Query the 'portfolio' and 'benchmark' tables based on the provided IDs and date range. Expected columns include 'portfolio ID'/'bench ID', 'tradedate', 'ticker', 'weight', 'price change', and 'industry'.
3. **Industry-Level Calculation**: 
   - Group data by 'industry'.
   - Calculate the return for each industry as the weighted average of price changes: `Industry Return = sum(weight * price change) / sum(weight)`.
   - This must be done separately for the portfolio and the benchmark.
4. **Q-Series Calculation**: Calculate the following series for each industry:
   - `Q1` = Benchmark Weight * Benchmark Return
   - `Q2` = Portfolio Weight * Benchmark Return
   - `Q3` = Benchmark Weight * Portfolio Return
   - `Q4` = Portfolio Weight * Portfolio Return
   - Sum these values across all industries to get the total Q values for the period.
5. **Attribution Effects**: Calculate the effects using the Q values:
   - Excess Return = Q4 - Q1
   - Allocation Effect = Q2 - Q1
   - Selection Effect = Q3 - Q1
   - Interaction Effect = Q4 - Q3 - Q2 + Q1
6. **Multi-Period Compounding**: When calculating total effects over multiple periods (days), use the specific compounding formula provided:
   - `Total Q = Q_day1 + (1 + Q_day1) * Q_day2`
   - Apply this logic to compound the excess return and attribution effects correctly over time.
7. **Output**: Return the calculated total daily excess return and each effect (allocation, selection, interaction).
8. **Visualization**: Use `matplotlib` to plot a chart of the compounded excess return over time.

# Communication & Style Preferences
- Provide the complete Python code including necessary imports (`pandas`, `pyodbc`, `matplotlib.pyplot`).
- Ensure the code handles the grouping and mathematical operations strictly as defined.

# Anti-Patterns
- Do not calculate Q values on a stock-by-stock basis without first aggregating to the industry level.
- Do not use simple summation for multi-period returns; use the specified compounding formula.

## Triggers

- calculate brinson attribution
- portfolio attribution analysis python
- brinson model code
- calculate allocation selection interaction effect