Apply Davis Double Play

---
name: apply-davis-double-play
description: Use when evaluating a growth company trading at a low valuation multiple — recognizing the compounding return potential from both future earnings growth and a subsequent expansion of the valuation multiple itself, rather than expecting return from earnings growth alone.
source: Shelby Cullom Davis, documented multi-generational investment family and career; the "Davis Double Play" concept
tags: [finance, investing, davis-double-play, valuation-expansion, compounding, davis]
related: [calculate-peg-ratio, apply-quality-over-cheapness, calculate-margin-of-safety]
---

# Apply Davis Double Play

Recognize the compounding return potential available from buying a quality growth company at a low valuation multiple — both from the company's future earnings growth and from a subsequent expansion of the valuation multiple itself as the market recognizes the growth — rather than expecting return from earnings growth alone.

## Why This Is Best Practice

**Adopted by:** Shelby Cullom Davis built a multi-generational investment family and career specifically around this pattern, widely documented and referred to as the "Davis Double Play" — buying fundamentally sound, growing companies while they were still trading at low valuation multiples (often due to a temporarily out-of-favor sector or company-specific circumstance), and capturing return from both the underlying earnings growth and the multiple's subsequent expansion once the market recognized the company's quality and growth trajectory.
**Impact:** A stock bought at a low P/E that both grows earnings and later re-rates to a higher P/E as the market recognizes its quality delivers a return substantially larger than earnings growth alone would produce — the combination compounds multiplicatively (a stock growing earnings 15% annually while its P/E also expands from, say, 8x to 15x over the same period delivers a return far exceeding the 15% annual earnings growth rate alone). Davis's documented approach specifically targeted this double-benefit pattern as distinct from either pure growth investing (paying a fair multiple for growth) or pure deep-value investing (buying cheap without necessarily requiring genuine growth).
**Why best:** Most growth-investing frameworks focus on the earnings-growth component of return, and most value-investing frameworks focus on the multiple-expansion component — the Davis approach specifically targets situations offering both simultaneously, which requires identifying quality, growing businesses that the market is currently mispricing on valuation, rather than settling for either dimension of return alone.

Sources: Documented account of Shelby Cullom Davis's investment career and the widely referenced "Davis Double Play" concept

## Steps

### Step 1: Screen for genuine earnings growth potential at a low current valuation multiple

Identify companies with genuine, sustainable earnings growth potential (see `apply-fisher-growth-checklist` for qualitative growth assessment) that are currently trading at a low valuation multiple relative to that growth potential — the combination of both conditions, not either alone, is what this approach specifically targets.

### Step 2: Identify why the multiple is currently low

Investigate the specific reason the market is currently assigning a low multiple to a genuinely growing company — a temporarily out-of-favor sector, a company-specific issue that doesn't reflect the underlying long-term earnings power, or a broader market mispricing — since this diagnosis informs confidence that the multiple is likely to eventually re-rate rather than remain permanently depressed.

### Step 3: Verify the low multiple isn't justified by a genuine, ongoing risk

Distinguish a temporarily depressed multiple on a genuinely sound growth business from a low multiple that accurately reflects real, ongoing risk to the business's growth or survival — a low multiple that's justified by genuine risk doesn't offer the double-play opportunity this approach depends on.

### Step 4: Hold through both the earnings growth and the eventual re-rating

Since the double-play return depends on both components — earnings growth and multiple expansion — hold the position through the multi-year period typically required for both to play out, rather than exiting once only the earnings growth component has been realized but before the multiple has re-rated.

### Step 5: Recognize the compounding, multiplicative nature of the combined return

Understand that the combined return from simultaneous earnings growth and multiple expansion is multiplicative, not merely additive — a modest earnings growth rate combined with a meaningful multiple re-rating can produce a substantially larger total return than either component would alone, which is the specific insight this approach is built around.

## Rules

- Require both genuine earnings growth potential and a currently low valuation multiple — neither condition alone is sufficient for this specific approach.
- Diagnose the specific reason the multiple is currently low, distinguishing temporary mispricing from a low multiple that accurately reflects genuine risk.
- Hold through the multi-year period required for both earnings growth and multiple re-rating to play out, not just one component.
- Recognize the multiplicative, compounding nature of the combined return as the core insight distinguishing this approach from single-dimension growth or value investing.

## Examples

**Double play realized:** An investor identifies a company with genuine, sustainable earnings growth potential trading at a low valuation multiple due to a temporarily out-of-favor sector, with no genuine risk to the underlying business's growth trajectory. Over several years, the company's earnings grow as expected, and as the sector recovers and the company's quality becomes more broadly recognized, its valuation multiple also expands — the combined effect of both earnings growth and multiple expansion produces a total return substantially larger than the earnings growth rate alone would have delivered.

**Low multiple reflecting genuine risk (correctly avoided):** A different company also trades at a low multiple, but closer investigation reveals the low valuation accurately reflects genuine, ongoing risk to the business's competitive position or growth sustainability, rather than temporary market mispricing. The investor correctly recognizes this doesn't offer the double-play opportunity, since a justified low multiple is unlikely to re-rate even if some earnings growth does occur.

## Common Mistakes

- **Screening for a low multiple alone without verifying genuine earnings growth potential** — a low multiple on a genuinely weak business doesn't offer the double-play opportunity; both conditions are required.
- **Failing to distinguish temporary mispricing from a justified low multiple** — a low valuation that accurately reflects real risk won't re-rate even as some earnings growth occurs.
- **Exiting after earnings growth is realized but before the multiple has re-rated** — the full double-play return depends on both components playing out, not just one.
- **Underestimating the multiplicative nature of the combined return** — treating the two components as simply additive misses the actual compounding effect that makes this approach distinctive.

## When NOT to Use

- For a company whose low valuation multiple genuinely and accurately reflects ongoing business risk rather than temporary mispricing — see `calculate-margin-of-safety` for assessing whether the current price already reflects fair risk-adjusted value.
- For a company already trading at a valuation multiple that reflects broad recognition of its quality and growth — the double-play opportunity specifically depends on a currently under-recognized combination of growth and low valuation.
- As a short-term trading strategy — this approach specifically requires the multi-year holding period necessary for both earnings growth and multiple re-rating to materialize.

> **Finance disclaimer:** This skill encodes professional best practices for educational purposes. It is not financial advice. Consult a licensed financial advisor before making investment decisions.